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Black Magic hypertext document | 1988-06-10 | 67.0 KB |
open in:
MacOS 8.1
|
Win98
|
DOS
view JSON data
|
view as text
This file was processed as: Black Magic hypertext document
(document/blackMagicHypertext).
This format is not currently supported by dexvert.
Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
---|
1%
| dexvert
| Black Magic hypertext document (document/blackMagicHypertext)
| magic
| Unsupported |
1%
| dexvert
| Magnetic Game (other/magneticGame)
| ext
| Unsupported |
100%
| file
| data
| default
| |
100%
| TrID
| Black Magic hypertext document
| default
| |
100%
| gt2
| Kopftext: '%09This file is a special BLACK MAGIC Hypertext document. To read me
| default (weak)
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 0d 0a 09 54 68 69 73 20 | 66 69 6c 65 20 69 73 20 |...This |file is |
|00000010| 61 20 73 70 65 63 69 61 | 6c 20 42 4c 41 43 4b 20 |a specia|l BLACK |
|00000020| 4d 41 47 49 43 20 48 79 | 70 65 72 74 65 78 74 20 |MAGIC Hy|pertext |
|00000030| 64 6f 63 75 6d 65 6e 74 | 2e 20 20 54 6f 20 72 65 |document|. To re|
|00000040| 61 64 20 6d 65 0a 0d 6f | 62 74 61 69 6e 20 4d 41 |ad me..o|btain MA|
|00000050| 47 52 45 41 44 2e 41 52 | 43 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 |GREAD.AR|C from a|
|00000060| 20 6c 6f 63 61 6c 20 62 | 75 6c 6c 65 74 69 6e 20 | local b|ulletin |
|00000070| 62 6f 61 72 64 2c 20 66 | 72 65 65 20 6f 66 20 63 |board, f|ree of c|
|00000080| 68 61 72 67 65 2c 20 6f | 72 0d 0a 73 65 6e 64 20 |harge, o|r..send |
|00000090| 24 31 30 20 74 6f 3a 0d | 0a 0a 09 4e 54 45 52 47 |$10 to:.|...NTERG|
|000000a0| 41 49 44 0d 0a 09 39 35 | 35 20 43 4f 4e 4e 45 54 |AID...95|5 CONNET|
|000000b0| 49 43 55 54 20 41 56 45 | 2e 0d 0a 09 42 52 49 44 |ICUT AVE|....BRID|
|000000c0| 47 45 50 4f 52 54 2c 20 | 43 54 20 30 36 36 30 37 |GEPORT, |CT 06607|
|000000d0| 0d 0a 0a 74 6f 20 72 65 | 63 65 69 76 65 2c 20 61 |...to re|ceive, a|
|000000e0| 20 64 69 73 6b 20 63 6f | 70 79 20 6f 66 20 4d 41 | disk co|py of MA|
|000000f0| 47 52 45 41 44 2e 41 52 | 43 20 61 6e 64 20 61 20 |GREAD.AR|C and a |
|00000100| 70 72 69 6e 74 65 64 20 | 6d 61 6e 75 61 6c 2e 20 |printed |manual. |
|00000110| 20 59 6f 75 27 6c 6c 20 | 61 6c 73 6f 0d 0a 67 65 | You'll |also..ge|
|00000120| 74 20 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 |t some o|f the la|
|00000130| 74 65 73 74 20 64 6f 63 | 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 77 |test doc|uments w|
|00000140| 72 69 74 74 65 6e 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 42 4c 41 43 |ritten w|ith BLAC|
|00000150| 4b 20 4d 41 47 49 43 2e | 0d 0a 0a 09 09 09 09 54 |K MAGIC.|.......T|
|00000160| 68 61 6e 6b 20 59 6f 75 | 0d 0a 09 09 09 09 4e 54 |hank You|......NT|
|00000170| 45 52 47 41 49 44 2c 20 | 49 6e 63 2e 1a 00 00 00 |ERGAID, |Inc.....|
|00000180| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 95 7e 9d 7e a7 7e a8 7e |........|.~.~.~.~|
|00000190| b2 7e ba 7e c2 23 00 09 | 00 7e de 7e e8 7e 01 4f |.~.~.#..|.~.~.~.O|
|000001a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 4c 5c 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|L\......|
|000001b0| 00 00 00 00 00 2c 00 07 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....,..|..(....O|
|000001c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001d0| 00 00 00 00 00 33 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....3..|..(....O|
|000001e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001f0| 00 00 00 00 00 37 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....7..|..(....O|
|00000200| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000210| 00 00 00 00 00 3b 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....;..|..(....O|
|00000220| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 30 30 20 32 37 44 38 20 |........|00 27D8 |
|00000230| 30 36 39 30 20 3f 00 03 | 00 18 4f 00 20 30 0a 46 |0690 ?..|..O. 0.F|
|00000240| 00 00 88 46 00 00 02 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |...F....| |
|00000250| 08 00 88 46 00 42 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |...F.B..|..(....O|
|00000260| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 0e 03 80 01 07 03 80 |........|........|
|00000270| 01 0e 04 80 02 46 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 07 c0 01 4f |.....F..|..(....O|
|00000280| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | e0 02 80 02 01 c0 03 80 |........|........|
|00000290| 02 e7 80 02 80 4b 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 02 70 01 4f |.....K..|..(..p.O|
|000002a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000002b0| 00 00 00 00 00 4f 00 07 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....O..|..(....O|
|000002c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000002d0| 00 00 00 00 00 56 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....V..|..(....O|
|000002e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000002f0| 00 00 00 00 00 5b 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....[..|..(....O|
|00000300| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000310| 00 00 00 00 00 60 00 06 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....`..|..(....O|
|00000320| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000330| 00 00 00 00 00 66 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....f..|..(....O|
|00000340| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000350| 00 00 00 00 00 6a 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....j..|..(....O|
|00000360| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000370| 00 00 00 00 00 6f 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....o..|..(....O|
|00000380| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000390| 00 00 00 00 00 74 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....t..|..(....O|
|000003a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000003b0| 00 00 00 00 00 79 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....y..|..(....O|
|000003c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000003d0| 00 00 00 00 00 7e 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....~..|..(....O|
|000003e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000003f0| 00 00 00 00 00 83 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000400| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000410| 00 00 00 00 00 87 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000420| 00 00 48 4b 00 00 02 00 | 6e 6e 69 6e 67 2c 20 61 |..HK....|nning, a|
|00000430| 6e 64 20 57 61 8c 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 69 66 01 4f |nd Wa...|..(.if.O|
|00000440| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000450| 00 00 00 00 00 91 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000460| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000470| 00 00 00 00 00 95 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000480| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000490| 00 00 00 00 00 9a 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000004a0| 00 00 5d 4c 00 00 02 00 | 20 74 68 65 20 63 68 65 |..]L....| the che|
|000004b0| 6d 69 63 61 6c 9e 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 72 79 01 4f |mical...|..(.ry.O|
|000004c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000004d0| 00 00 00 00 00 a2 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000004e0| 00 00 d7 4c 00 00 02 00 | 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 |...L....|nufactur|
|000004f0| 65 2c 20 41 6c a6 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 69 6e 01 4f |e, Al...|..(.in.O|
|00000500| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000510| 00 00 00 00 00 ab 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000520| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 ff d0 07 64 61 74 65 |........|....date|
|00000530| 74 6f 70 31 00 b0 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |top1....|..(....O|
|00000540| 00 00 ca 4d 00 00 02 00 | 72 20 4e 69 63 6b 65 6c |...M....|r Nickel|
|00000550| 3a 20 50 72 65 b5 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 6e 20 01 4f |: Pre...|..(.n .O|
|00000560| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | a7 7b ab 7b af 7b b3 7b |........|.{.{.{.{|
|00000570| 0a 18 1d 0b 00 ba 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 b4 b1 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000580| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000590| 00 00 00 00 00 be 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000005a0| 00 00 af 4e 00 00 02 00 | 6f 64 65 73 2c 20 53 65 |...N....|odes, Se|
|000005b0| 6d 69 63 6f 6e c2 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 20 69 01 4f |micon...|..(. i.O|
|000005c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 44 49 43 00 43 3a 5c 56 |........|DIC.C:\V|
|000005d0| 45 4e 54 55 52 c6 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 53 45 01 4f |ENTUR...|..(.SE.O|
|000005e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 01 00 01 01 02 0c 00 00 |........|........|
|000005f0| 4e b5 22 b5 01 cb 00 03 | 00 0a 28 00 c0 00 01 4f |N.".....|..(....O|
|00000600| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | c8 1f 08 07 66 b8 7c b8 |........|....f.|.|
|00000610| 50 b8 e1 10 c0 ce 00 06 | 00 0a 28 00 01 00 01 4f |P.......|..(....O|
|00000620| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | c0 00 2c 00 f3 06 da 0c |........|..,.....|
|00000630| 6a be 80 be 54 d4 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |j...T...|..(....O|
|00000640| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000650| 00 00 00 00 00 d8 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000660| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000670| 00 00 00 00 00 dc 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000680| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000690| 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000006a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006b0| 00 00 00 00 00 e3 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000006c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006d0| 00 00 00 00 00 e7 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000006e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000006f0| 00 00 00 00 00 eb 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000700| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000710| 00 00 00 00 00 ef 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000720| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000730| 00 00 00 00 00 f3 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000740| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000750| 00 00 00 00 00 f7 00 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000760| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000770| 00 00 00 00 00 fb 00 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000780| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000790| 00 00 00 00 00 fe 00 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000007a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007b0| 00 00 00 00 00 03 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000007c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007d0| 00 00 00 00 00 06 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000007e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000007f0| 00 00 00 00 00 0a 01 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000800| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000810| 00 00 00 00 00 0f 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000820| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000830| 00 00 00 00 00 13 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000840| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000850| 00 00 00 00 00 17 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000860| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000870| 00 00 00 00 00 1b 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000880| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000890| 00 00 00 00 00 1f 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|000008a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008b0| 00 00 00 00 00 23 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....#..|..(....O|
|000008c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008d0| 00 00 00 00 00 27 01 01 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....'..|..(....O|
|000008e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000008f0| 00 00 00 00 00 28 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....(..|..(....O|
|00000900| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000910| 00 00 00 00 00 2c 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....,..|..(....O|
|00000920| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000930| 00 00 00 00 00 30 01 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....0..|..(....O|
|00000940| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000950| 00 00 00 00 00 35 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....5..|..(....O|
|00000960| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000970| 00 00 00 00 00 39 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....9..|..(....O|
|00000980| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000990| 00 00 00 00 00 3d 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....=..|..(....O|
|000009a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009b0| 00 00 00 00 00 41 01 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....A..|..(....O|
|000009c0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009d0| 00 00 00 00 00 46 01 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 28 |.....F..|..(....(|
|000009e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000009f0| 00 00 00 00 00 4b 01 06 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....K..|..(....O|
|00000a00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a10| 00 00 00 00 00 51 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....Q..|..(....O|
|00000a20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a30| 00 00 00 00 00 55 01 06 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....U..|..(....O|
|00000a40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a50| 00 00 00 00 00 5b 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....[..|..(....O|
|00000a60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a70| 00 00 00 00 00 5f 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |....._..|..(....O|
|00000a80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000a90| 00 00 00 00 00 62 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....b..|..(....O|
|00000aa0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ab0| 00 00 00 00 00 66 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....f..|..(....O|
|00000ac0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ad0| 00 00 00 00 00 69 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....i..|..(....O|
|00000ae0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000af0| 00 00 00 00 00 6d 01 05 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....m..|..(....O|
|00000b00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b10| 00 00 00 00 00 72 01 01 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....r..|..(....O|
|00000b20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b30| 00 00 00 00 00 73 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....s..|..(....O|
|00000b40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b50| 00 00 00 00 00 76 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....v..|..(....O|
|00000b60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b70| 00 00 00 00 00 79 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |.....y..|..(....O|
|00000b80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000b90| 00 00 00 00 00 7d 01 02 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 28 |.....}..|..(....(|
|00000ba0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bb0| 00 00 00 00 00 7f 01 02 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 28 |........|..(....(|
|00000bc0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000bd0| 00 00 00 00 00 81 01 04 | 00 18 4f 00 00 00 0a 4f |........|..O....O|
|00000be0| 00 00 17 5b 00 00 02 00 | 20 20 2e 2e 2e 2e 20 20 |...[....| .... |
|00000bf0| 08 00 17 5b 00 85 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |...[....|..(....O|
|00000c00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c10| 00 00 00 00 00 89 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000c20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c30| 00 00 00 00 00 8d 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000c40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c50| 00 00 00 00 00 91 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000c60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c70| 00 00 00 00 00 94 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000c80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000c90| 00 00 00 00 00 98 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000ca0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000cb0| 00 00 00 00 00 9c 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000cc0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000cd0| 00 00 00 00 00 a0 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000ce0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000cf0| 00 00 00 00 00 a4 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000d00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000d10| 00 00 00 00 00 a7 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000d20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000d30| 00 00 00 00 00 aa 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000d40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000d50| 00 00 00 00 00 ae 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000d60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000d70| 00 00 00 00 00 b1 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000d80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000d90| 00 00 00 00 00 b4 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000da0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000db0| 00 00 00 00 00 b7 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000dc0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000dd0| 00 00 00 00 00 bb 01 01 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000de0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000df0| 00 00 00 00 00 bc 01 03 | 00 18 4f 00 00 00 0a 46 |........|..O....F|
|00000e00| 00 00 19 5f 00 00 02 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..._....| |
|00000e10| 08 00 19 5f 00 bf 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |..._....|..(....O|
|00000e20| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e30| 00 00 00 00 00 c3 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000e40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e50| 00 00 00 00 00 c7 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000e60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e70| 00 00 00 00 00 cb 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000e80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000e90| 00 00 00 00 00 ce 01 04 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000ea0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000eb0| 00 00 00 00 00 d2 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000ec0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000ed0| 00 00 00 00 00 d5 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
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|00000f00| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
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|00000f40| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
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|00000f60| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
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|00000f80| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000f90| 00 00 00 00 00 e8 01 03 | 00 0a 28 00 00 00 01 4f |........|..(....O|
|00000fa0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
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|00000fd0| 00 00 00 00 00 ee 01 03 | 00 18 4f 00 01 00 0a 46 |........|..O....F|
|00000fe0| 00 00 d5 63 00 00 02 00 | 20 20 6f 66 74 65 6e 20 |...c....| often |
|00000ff0| 72 65 70 72 65 f1 01 05 | 00 18 4f 00 01 79 0a 46 |repre...|..O..y.F|
|00001000| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 62 65 20 73 75 62 73 20 |........|be subs |
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|00001020| 00 00 40 64 00 00 05 00 | 6f 70 65 73 20 6f 66 20 |..@d....|opes of |
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|00001040| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |........| |
|00001050| 20 20 20 20 20 fb 01 03 | 00 05 32 00 03 20 0a 46 | ...|..2.. .F|
|00001060| 00 00 af 64 00 00 03 00 | 20 20 20 61 20 20 20 20 |...d....| a |
|00001070| 6f 20 20 20 20 fe 01 01 | 00 0e 3c 00 20 64 0a 46 |o ...|..<. d.F|
|00001080| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00001090| 00 00 00 00 00 ff 01 01 | 00 0e 3c 00 00 00 0a 46 |........|..<....F|
|000010a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000010b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 06 | 00 18 4f 00 01 00 0a 46 |........|..O....F|
|000010c0| 00 00 ef 64 00 00 03 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |...d....| |
|000010d0| 20 32 20 65 6c 06 02 01 | 00 05 32 00 03 69 0a 46 | 2 el...|..2..i.F|
|000010e0| 00 00 18 4f 00 00 02 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |...O....| |
|000010f0| 20 20 20 20 20 07 02 0d | 00 18 4f 00 01 20 0a 46 | ...|..O.. .F|
|00001100| 00 00 31 65 00 00 03 00 | 6e 74 73 2e 20 20 49 6e |..1e....|nts. In|
|00001110| 20 61 20 50 65 14 02 01 | 00 05 32 00 03 61 0a 46 | a Pe...|..2..a.F|
|00001120| 00 00 58 65 00 00 08 00 | 72 61 6e 73 69 74 69 6f |..Xe....|ransitio|
|00001130| 6e 20 6f 72 20 15 02 01 | 00 05 32 00 03 20 0a 46 |n or ...|..2.. .F|
|00001140| 00 00 01 66 00 00 03 00 | 20 20 54 65 72 6d 73 3a |...f....| Terms:|
|00001150| 20 20 20 20 20 16 02 02 | 00 05 32 00 03 20 0a 46 | ...|..2.. .F|
|00001160| 00 00 31 66 00 00 05 00 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..1f....| |
|00001170| 20 20 20 20 20 00 00 09 | 00 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | ...|. |
|00001180| 20 0d 0f 08 54 41 42 4c | 45 36 20 20 0c 03 07 00 | ...TABL|E6 ....|
|00001190| 19 00 02 00 01 0c 03 4b | 00 19 00 03 00 01 0c 03 |.......K|........|
|000011a0| 07 00 38 00 04 00 01 0c | 03 0b 00 38 00 05 00 01 |..8.....|...8....|
|000011b0| 0c 01 1a 00 3e 00 06 00 | 01 0c 03 37 00 37 00 07 |....>...|...7.7..|
|000011c0| 00 02 0c 03 3b 00 39 00 | 08 00 02 0c 03 3f 00 37 |....;.9.|.....?.7|
|000011d0| 00 09 00 02 0c 03 43 00 | 38 00 0a 00 02 0c 03 47 |......C.|8......G|
|000011e0| 00 38 00 0b 00 02 0c 03 | 4b 00 37 00 0c 00 02 0c |.8......|K.7.....|
|000011f0| 03 07 00 56 00 0d 00 02 | 0c 03 0b 00 56 00 0e 00 |...V....|....V...|
|00001200| 02 0c 03 37 00 55 00 0f | 00 02 0c 03 3b 00 55 00 |...7.U..|....;.U.|
|00001210| 10 00 02 0c 03 3f 00 55 | 00 11 00 02 0c 03 43 00 |.....?.U|......C.|
|00001220| 56 00 12 00 02 0c 03 47 | 00 55 00 13 00 02 0c 03 |V......G|.U......|
|00001230| 4b 00 55 00 14 00 02 0c | 03 07 00 73 00 15 00 02 |K.U.....|...s....|
|00001240| 0c 03 0b 00 73 00 16 00 | 02 0c 03 0f 00 74 00 17 |....s...|.....t..|
|00001250| 00 02 0c 03 13 00 73 00 | 18 00 02 0c 03 17 00 73 |......s.|.......s|
|00001260| 00 19 00 02 0c 03 1b 00 | 73 00 1a 00 02 0c 03 1f |........|s.......|
|00001270| 00 73 00 1b 00 02 0c 03 | 23 00 73 00 1c 00 02 0c |.s......|#.s.....|
|00001280| 03 27 00 73 00 1d 00 02 | 0c 03 2b 00 73 00 1e 00 |.'.s....|..+.s...|
|00001290| 02 0c 03 2f 00 73 00 1f | 00 02 0c 03 33 00 73 00 |.../.s..|....3.s.|
|000012a0| 20 00 02 0c 03 37 00 73 | 00 21 00 02 0c 03 3b 00 | ....7.s|.!....;.|
|000012b0| 73 00 22 00 02 0c 03 3f | 00 73 00 23 00 02 0c 03 |s."....?|.s.#....|
|000012c0| 43 00 73 00 24 00 02 0c | 03 47 00 73 00 25 00 02 |C.s.$...|.G.s.%..|
|000012d0| 0c 03 4b 00 73 00 26 00 | 02 0c 03 07 00 91 00 27 |..K.s.&.|.......'|
|000012e0| 00 02 0c 03 0b 00 91 00 | 28 00 02 0c 03 0f 00 91 |........|(.......|
|000012f0| 00 29 00 02 0c 03 13 00 | 91 00 2a 00 02 0c 03 17 |.)......|..*.....|
|00001300| 00 91 00 2b 00 02 0c 03 | 1b 00 91 00 2c 00 02 0c |...+....|....,...|
|00001310| 03 1f 00 91 00 2d 00 02 | 0c 03 23 00 91 00 2e 00 |.....-..|..#.....|
|00001320| 02 0c 03 27 00 91 00 2f | 00 02 0c 03 2b 00 91 00 |...'.../|....+...|
|00001330| 30 00 02 0c 03 2f 00 91 | 00 31 00 02 0c 03 33 00 |0..../..|.1....3.|
|00001340| 91 00 32 00 02 0c 03 37 | 00 91 00 33 00 02 0c 03 |..2....7|...3....|
|00001350| 3b 00 91 00 34 00 02 0c | 03 3f 00 91 00 35 00 02 |;...4...|.?...5..|
|00001360| 0c 03 43 00 91 00 36 00 | 02 0c 03 47 00 91 00 37 |..C...6.|...G...7|
|00001370| 00 02 0c 03 4b 00 91 00 | 38 00 02 0c 03 07 00 af |....K...|8.......|
|00001380| 00 39 00 02 0c 03 0b 00 | af 00 3a 00 02 0c 03 0f |.9......|..:.....|
|00001390| 00 af 00 3b 00 02 0c 03 | 13 00 af 00 3c 00 02 0c |...;....|....<...|
|000013a0| 03 17 00 af 00 3d 00 02 | 0c 03 1b 00 af 00 3e 00 |.....=..|......>.|
|000013b0| 02 0c 03 1f 00 af 00 3f | 00 02 0c 03 23 00 af 00 |.......?|....#...|
|000013c0| 40 00 02 0c 03 27 00 af | 00 41 00 02 0c 03 2b 00 |@....'..|.A....+.|
|000013d0| af 00 42 00 02 0c 03 2f | 00 af 00 43 00 02 0c 03 |..B..../|...C....|
|000013e0| 33 00 af 00 44 00 02 0c | 03 37 00 af 00 45 00 02 |3...D...|.7...E..|
|000013f0| 0c 03 3b 00 af 00 46 00 | 02 0c 03 3f 00 af 00 47 |..;...F.|...?...G|
|00001400| 00 02 0c 03 43 00 af 00 | 48 00 02 0c 03 47 00 af |....C...|H....G..|
|00001410| 00 49 00 02 0c 03 4b 00 | af 00 4a 00 02 0c 03 07 |.I....K.|..J.....|
|00001420| 00 ce 00 4b 00 02 0c 03 | 0b 00 cd 00 4c 00 02 0c |...K....|....L...|
|00001430| 03 0f 00 cd 00 4d 00 02 | 0c 03 13 00 cd 00 4e 00 |.....M..|......N.|
|00001440| 02 0c 03 17 00 cd 00 4f | 00 02 0c 03 1b 00 cd 00 |.......O|........|
|00001450| 50 00 02 0c 03 1f 00 cd | 00 51 00 02 0c 03 27 00 |P.......|.Q....'.|
|00001460| cd 00 52 00 02 0c 01 0b | 00 f5 00 53 00 02 0c 03 |..R.....|...S....|
|00001470| 0f 00 eb 00 54 00 03 0c | 03 13 00 eb 00 55 00 03 |....T...|.....U..|
|00001480| 0c 03 17 00 eb 00 56 00 | 03 0c 03 1b 00 eb 00 57 |......V.|.......W|
|00001490| 00 03 0c 03 1f 00 eb 00 | 58 00 03 0c 03 23 00 eb |........|X....#..|
|000014a0| 00 59 00 03 0c 03 27 00 | eb 00 5a 00 03 0c 03 2b |.Y....'.|..Z....+|
|000014b0| 00 eb 00 5b 00 03 0c 03 | 2f 00 eb 00 5c 00 03 0c |...[....|/...\...|
|000014c0| 03 33 00 eb 00 5d 00 03 | 0c 03 37 00 eb 00 5e 00 |.3...]..|..7...^.|
|000014d0| 03 0c 03 3b 00 eb 00 5f | 00 03 0c 03 3f 00 eb 00 |...;..._|....?...|
|000014e0| 60 00 03 0c 03 43 00 eb | 00 61 00 03 0c 03 47 00 |`....C..|.a....G.|
|000014f0| eb 00 62 00 03 0c 03 0f | 01 09 00 63 00 03 0c 01 |..b.....|...c....|
|00001500| 0b 01 09 00 64 00 03 0c | 03 13 01 09 00 65 00 04 |....d...|.....e..|
|00001510| 0c 03 17 01 09 00 66 00 | 04 0c 03 1b 01 09 00 67 |......f.|.......g|
|00001520| 00 04 0c 03 1f 01 09 00 | 68 00 04 0c 03 23 01 09 |........|h....#..|
|00001530| 00 69 00 04 0c 03 27 01 | 09 00 6a 00 04 0c 03 2b |.i....'.|..j....+|
|00001540| 01 09 00 6b 00 04 0c 03 | 2f 01 09 00 6c 00 04 0c |...k....|/...l...|
|00001550| 03 33 01 09 00 6d 00 04 | 0c 03 37 01 09 00 6e 00 |.3...m..|..7...n.|
|00001560| 04 0c 03 3b 01 09 00 6f | 00 04 0c 03 3f 01 09 00 |...;...o|....?...|
|00001570| 70 00 04 0c 03 43 01 09 | 00 71 00 04 0c 03 47 01 |p....C..|.q....G.|
|00001580| 09 00 72 00 04 20 0d 20 | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |..r.. . |........|
|00001590| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000015f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001600| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 48 79 |Element |Name: Hy|
|00001610| 64 72 6f 67 65 6e 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |drogen .|Atomic S|
|00001620| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 48 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |ymbol: H| .Atomic|
|00001630| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 31 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d | Number:| 1 .Atom|
|00001640| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 31 2e 30 30 37 |ic Weigh|t: 1.007|
|00001650| 39 34 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 | 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 |94 .Elec|tronic C|
|00001660| 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 31 20 |onfigura|tion: 1 |
|00001670| 0d 20 0d 48 79 64 72 6f | 67 65 6e 20 69 73 20 61 |. .Hydro|gen is a|
|00001680| 20 67 61 73 65 6f 75 73 | 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | gaseous| element|
|00001690| 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 61 | 73 20 0d 66 69 72 73 74 | that wa|s .first|
|000016a0| 20 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 | 72 65 64 20 62 79 20 48 | discove|red by H|
|000016b0| 65 6e 72 79 20 43 61 76 | 65 6e 64 69 73 68 20 69 |enry Cav|endish i|
|000016c0| 6e 20 0d 31 37 36 36 2e | 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 |n .1766.| It is |
|000016d0| 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 | 74 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e |the firs|t elemen|
|000016e0| 74 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 0d 50 65 72 69 6f 64 |t on the| .Period|
|000016f0| 69 63 20 74 61 62 6c 65 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 65 78 |ic table|, and ex|
|00001700| 68 69 62 69 74 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 0d 66 6f 6c 6c |hibits t|he .foll|
|00001710| 6f 77 69 6e 67 20 63 68 | 61 72 61 63 74 65 72 69 |owing ch|aracteri|
|00001720| 73 74 69 63 73 3a 20 69 | 74 20 69 73 20 0d 63 6f |stics: i|t is .co|
|00001730| 6c 6f 72 6c 65 73 73 2c | 20 74 61 73 74 65 6c 65 |lorless,| tastele|
|00001740| 73 73 2c 20 6f 64 6f 72 | 6c 65 73 73 2c 20 73 6c |ss, odor|less, sl|
|00001750| 69 67 68 74 6c 79 20 8d | 73 6f 6c 75 61 62 6c 65 |ightly .|soluable|
|00001760| 20 69 6e 20 77 61 74 65 | 72 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 68 | in wate|r, and h|
|00001770| 69 68 67 6c 79 20 65 78 | 70 6c 6f 73 69 76 65 2e |ihgly ex|plosive.|
|00001780| 20 0d 48 79 64 72 6f 67 | 65 6e 20 69 73 20 74 68 | .Hydrog|en is th|
|00001790| 65 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 61 | 62 75 6e 64 61 6e 74 20 |e most a|bundant |
|000017a0| 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 69 6e 20 0d 74 68 65 20 |element |in .the |
|000017b0| 75 6e 69 76 65 72 73 65 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 73 65 |universe|, and se|
|000017c0| 72 76 65 73 20 61 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 66 75 65 6c |rves as |the fuel|
|000017d0| 20 66 6f 72 20 0d 74 68 | 65 20 66 75 73 69 6f 6e | for .th|e fusion|
|000017e0| 20 72 65 61 63 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 69 6e 20 53 74 | reactio|ns in St|
|000017f0| 61 72 73 2e 20 20 4e 6f | 72 6d 61 6c 20 0d 68 79 |ars. No|rmal .hy|
|00001800| 64 72 6f 67 65 6e 20 69 | 73 20 64 69 61 74 6f 6d |drogen i|s diatom|
|00001810| 69 63 2e 20 0d 20 0d 41 | 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 |ic. . .A|tmospher|
|00001820| 69 63 20 48 79 64 72 6f | 67 65 6e 20 68 61 73 20 |ic Hydro|gen has |
|00001830| 74 68 72 65 65 20 69 73 | 6f 74 6f 70 65 73 3a 20 |three is|otopes: |
|00001840| 0d 50 72 6f 74 69 75 6d | 20 28 6f 6e 65 20 70 72 |.Protium| (one pr|
|00001850| 6f 74 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 | 6e 75 63 6c 65 75 73 29 |oton in |nucleus)|
|00001860| 2c 20 0d 44 65 75 74 65 | 72 69 75 6d 20 28 6f 6e |, .Deute|rium (on|
|00001870| 65 20 70 72 6f 74 6f 6e | 20 61 6e 64 20 6f 6e 65 |e proton| and one|
|00001880| 20 6e 65 75 74 6f 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 0d 6e 75 63 6c | neuton |in .nucl|
|00001890| 65 75 73 29 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 74 72 69 74 69 75 |eus), an|d tritiu|
|000018a0| 6d 20 28 6f 6e 65 20 70 | 72 6f 74 6f 6e 20 61 6e |m (one p|roton an|
|000018b0| 64 20 0d 74 77 6f 20 0d | 6e 65 75 74 72 6f 6e 73 |d .two .|neutrons|
|000018c0| 29 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 | 65 73 20 66 6f 72 20 48 |). . .Us|es for H|
|000018d0| 79 70 64 72 6f 67 65 6e | 3a 20 57 65 6c 64 69 6e |ypdrogen|: Weldin|
|000018e0| 67 2c 20 54 68 65 20 0d | 73 79 6e 74 68 65 73 69 |g, The .|synthesi|
|000018f0| 73 20 6f 66 20 41 6d 6d | 6f 6e 69 61 2c 20 61 6e |s of Amm|onia, an|
|00001900| 64 20 61 73 20 61 20 0d | 52 6f 63 6b 65 74 20 46 |d as a .|Rocket F|
|00001910| 75 65 6c 2e 20 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |uel. ...|........|
|00001920| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001930| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001940| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001950| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001960| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001970| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001980| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 48 65 |Element |Name: He|
|00001990| 6c 69 75 6d 20 0d 41 74 | 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d |lium .At|omic Sym|
|000019a0| 62 6f 6c 3a 20 48 65 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |bol: He |.Atomic |
|000019b0| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 32 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |Number: |2 .Atomi|
|000019c0| 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 | 3a 20 34 2e 30 30 32 36 |c Weight|: 4.0026|
|000019d0| 30 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 | 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f |0 .Elect|ronic Co|
|000019e0| 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 0d |nfigurat|ion: 2 .|
|000019f0| 20 0d 48 65 6c 69 75 6d | 20 69 73 20 61 20 67 61 | .Helium| is a ga|
|00001a00| 73 65 6f 75 73 20 65 6c | 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 |seous el|ement th|
|00001a10| 61 74 20 77 61 73 20 0d | 66 69 72 73 74 20 6f 62 |at was .|first ob|
|00001a20| 73 65 72 76 65 64 20 73 | 70 65 63 74 72 6f 73 63 |served s|pectrosc|
|00001a30| 6f 70 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |opically| in the |
|00001a40| 0d 53 75 6e 20 64 75 72 | 69 6e 67 20 61 20 73 6f |.Sun dur|ing a so|
|00001a50| 6c 61 72 20 65 63 6c 69 | 70 73 65 20 69 6e 20 31 |lar ecli|pse in 1|
|00001a60| 38 36 38 2e 20 0d 48 65 | 6c 69 75 6d 20 69 73 20 |868. .He|lium is |
|00001a70| 61 6e 20 69 6e 65 72 74 | 20 67 61 73 2e 20 20 49 |an inert| gas. I|
|00001a80| 74 20 65 78 68 69 62 69 | 74 73 20 0d 74 68 65 20 |t exhibi|ts .the |
|00001a90| 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 69 6e | 67 20 63 68 61 72 61 63 |followin|g charac|
|00001aa0| 74 65 72 69 73 74 69 63 | 73 3a 20 69 74 20 69 73 |teristic|s: it is|
|00001ab0| 20 0d 63 6f 6c 6f 72 6c | 65 73 73 2c 20 6e 6f 6e | .colorl|ess, non|
|00001ac0| 63 6f 6d 62 75 73 74 69 | 62 6c 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 |combusti|ble, and|
|00001ad0| 20 62 75 6f 79 61 6e 74 | 2e 20 0d 48 65 6c 69 75 | buoyant|. .Heliu|
|00001ae0| 6d 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 6e 64 20 70 72 6f |m is the| end pro|
|00001af0| 64 75 63 74 20 6f 66 20 | 66 75 73 69 6f 6e 20 0d |duct of |fusion .|
|00001b00| 70 72 6f 63 65 73 73 65 | 73 20 69 6e 20 73 74 61 |processe|s in sta|
|00001b10| 72 73 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 | 73 65 73 20 66 6f 72 20 |rs. . .U|ses for |
|00001b20| 48 65 6c 69 75 6d 3a 20 | 44 65 65 70 20 73 65 61 |Helium: |Deep sea|
|00001b30| 20 64 69 76 69 6e 67 2c | 20 4c 6f 77 20 0d 74 65 | diving,| Low .te|
|00001b40| 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 | 65 20 77 6f 72 6b 2c 20 |mperatur|e work, |
|00001b50| 61 72 63 20 77 65 6c 64 | 69 6e 67 2c 20 61 6e 64 |arc weld|ing, and|
|00001b60| 20 0d 67 61 73 20 64 69 | 73 63 68 61 72 67 65 20 | .gas di|scharge |
|00001b70| 6c 61 73 65 72 73 2e 20 | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |lasers. |........|
|00001b80| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 4c 69 |Element |Name: Li|
|00001b90| 74 68 69 75 6d 20 8d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 |thium .A|tomic Sy|
|00001ba0| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 4c 69 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mbol: Li| .Atomic|
|00001bb0| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 33 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d | Number:| 3 .Atom|
|00001bc0| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 36 2e 39 34 31 |ic Weigh|t: 6.941|
|00001bd0| 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e | .Electr|onic Con|
|00001be0| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 31 20 |figurati|on: 2 1 |
|00001bf0| 0d 20 0d 4c 69 74 68 69 | 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 |. .Lithi|um is a |
|00001c00| 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 | 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 |metallic| element|
|00001c10| 20 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 | 72 65 64 20 0d 69 6e 20 | discove|red .in |
|00001c20| 31 38 31 37 20 62 79 20 | 4a 2e 20 41 2e 20 41 72 |1817 by |J. A. Ar|
|00001c30| 66 76 65 64 73 6f 6e 2e | 20 20 4c 69 74 68 69 75 |fvedson.| Lithiu|
|00001c40| 6d 20 69 73 20 0d 61 20 | 0d 73 6f 66 74 2c 20 73 |m is .a |.soft, s|
|00001c50| 69 6c 76 65 72 20 77 68 | 69 74 65 20 63 6f 72 72 |ilver wh|ite corr|
|00001c60| 6f 73 69 76 65 20 61 6c | 6b 61 6c 69 20 0d 6d 65 |osive al|kali .me|
|00001c70| 74 61 6c 2e 20 20 4c 69 | 74 68 69 75 6d 20 69 73 |tal. Li|thium is|
|00001c80| 20 74 68 65 20 6c 65 61 | 73 74 20 64 65 6e 73 65 | the lea|st dense|
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|00001de0| 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 | 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 | Configu|ration: |
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|00001f60| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00001f70| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|000020e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000020f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00002290| 20 42 6f 72 6f 6e 3a 20 | 53 68 69 65 6c 64 69 6e | Boron: |Shieldin|
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|000022f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00002340| 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 3a | 20 31 32 2e 30 31 31 20 | Weight:| 12.011 |
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|00002520| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002530| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002540| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002550| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002560| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002570| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|000025b0| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 37 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d | Number:| 7 .Atom|
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|00002a40| 20 66 6f 72 20 4f 78 79 | 67 65 6e 3a 20 53 74 65 | for Oxy|gen: Ste|
|00002a50| 65 6c 20 50 72 6f 64 75 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 0d |el Produ|ction, .|
|00002a60| 4f 78 79 61 63 65 74 79 | 6c 65 6e 65 20 54 6f 72 |Oxyacety|lene Tor|
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|00002a80| 61 6e 64 20 0d 52 6f 63 | 6b 65 74 20 46 75 65 6c |and .Roc|ket Fuel|
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|00002aa0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002ab0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002ac0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00002ae0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002af0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00002b30| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 39 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d | Number:| 9 .Atom|
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|00002b60| 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 | 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 | Configu|ration: |
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|00002b80| 69 73 20 61 20 67 61 73 | 65 6f 75 73 20 65 6c 65 |is a gas|eous ele|
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|00002ba0| 0d 62 79 20 48 65 6e 72 | 69 20 4d 6f 69 73 73 61 |.by Henr|i Moissa|
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|00002bc0| 73 20 61 20 0d 70 6f 69 | 73 6f 6e 6f 75 73 20 79 |s a .poi|sonous y|
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|00002bf0| 0d 46 6c 75 6f 72 69 6e | 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 |.Fluorin|e is the|
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|00002cc0| 74 69 6f 6e 69 6e 67 20 | 73 79 73 74 65 6d 73 2c |tioning |systems,|
|00002cd0| 20 54 65 66 6c 6f 6e 20 | 0d 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 | Teflon |.product|
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|00002cf0| 73 6f 6c 20 0d 70 72 6f | 70 65 6c 6c 61 6e 74 73 |sol .pro|pellants|
|00002d00| 2e 20 0d 20 0d 20 0d 20 | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |. . . . |........|
|00002d10| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002d20| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002d30| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002d40| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002d50| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00002df0| 20 8d 4e 65 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 67 61 73 65 | .Neon i|s a gase|
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|00002e10| 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 62 | 79 20 0d 57 2e 20 52 61 |overed b|y .W. Ra|
|00002e20| 6d 73 61 79 20 61 6e 64 | 20 4d 2e 20 57 2e 20 54 |msay and| M. W. T|
|00002e30| 72 61 76 65 72 73 20 69 | 6e 20 31 38 39 38 2e 20 |ravers i|n 1898. |
|00002e40| 0d 48 65 6e 72 69 20 4d | 6f 69 73 73 61 6e 20 69 |.Henri M|oissan i|
|00002e50| 6e 20 31 38 38 36 2e 20 | 20 4e 65 6f 6e 20 69 73 |n 1886. | Neon is|
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|00002e70| 64 6f 72 6c 65 73 73 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 74 61 73 |dorless,| and tas|
|00002e80| 74 65 6c 65 73 73 20 69 | 6e 65 72 74 20 0d 67 61 |teless i|nert .ga|
|00002e90| 73 2e 20 20 4f 6e 65 20 | 6f 66 20 4e 65 6f 6e 27 |s. One |of Neon'|
|00002ea0| 73 20 63 68 69 65 66 20 | 0d 63 68 61 72 61 63 74 |s chief |.charact|
|00002eb0| 65 72 69 73 74 69 63 73 | 20 0d 69 73 20 74 68 61 |eristics| .is tha|
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|00002f20| 73 2c 20 0d 4c 61 73 65 | 72 73 2c 20 0d 47 65 69 |s, .Lase|rs, .Gei|
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|00002f80| 62 65 61 63 6f 6e 73 2e | 20 0d 20 0d 20 1a 1a 1a |beacons.| . . ...|
|00002f90| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002fa0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002fb0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002fc0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002fd0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002fe0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00002ff0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003000| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 53 6f |Element |Name: So|
|00003010| 64 69 75 6d 20 0d 41 74 | 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d |dium .At|omic Sym|
|00003020| 62 6f 6c 3a 20 4e 61 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |bol: Na |.Atomic |
|00003030| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 31 31 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Number: |11 .Atom|
|00003040| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 32 32 2e 39 38 |ic Weigh|t: 22.98|
|00003050| 39 37 37 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |977 .Ele|ctronic |
|00003060| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
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|00003080| 73 20 61 20 6d 65 74 61 | 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c 65 |s a meta|llic ele|
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|000030a0| 0d 69 6e 20 31 38 30 37 | 20 62 79 20 53 69 72 20 |.in 1807| by Sir |
|000030b0| 48 75 6d 70 68 72 79 20 | 44 61 76 79 2e 20 20 49 |Humphry |Davy. I|
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|000030d0| 68 69 74 65 20 61 6c 6b | 61 6c 69 20 6d 65 74 61 |hite alk|ali meta|
|000030e0| 6c 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 | 73 20 76 65 72 79 20 0d |l. It i|s very .|
|000030f0| 72 65 61 63 74 69 76 65 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 75 |reactive|, and mu|
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|00003110| 20 6f 66 20 0d 63 6f 6e | 74 61 63 74 20 77 69 74 | of .con|tact wit|
|00003120| 20 61 69 72 20 61 6e 64 | 20 77 61 74 65 72 2e 20 | air and| water. |
|00003130| 20 53 6f 64 69 75 6d 20 | 69 73 20 0d 65 73 73 65 | Sodium |is .esse|
|00003140| 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 74 6f | 20 6d 61 6e 27 73 20 64 |ntial to| man's d|
|00003150| 69 65 74 2e 20 20 53 6f | 64 69 75 6d 20 0d 63 6f |iet. So|dium .co|
|00003160| 6d 70 6f 75 6e 64 73 20 | 74 68 61 74 20 61 72 65 |mpounds |that are|
|00003170| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 6c | 79 20 75 73 65 64 20 69 | commonl|y used i|
|00003180| 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 0d | 53 6f 64 69 75 6d 20 43 |nclude .|Sodium C|
|00003190| 68 6c 6f 72 69 64 65 20 | 28 53 61 6c 74 29 2c 20 |hloride |(Salt), |
|000031a0| 53 6f 64 69 75 6d 20 0d | 42 69 63 61 72 62 6f 6e |Sodium .|Bicarbon|
|000031b0| 61 74 65 20 28 42 61 6b | 69 6e 67 20 53 6f 64 61 |ate (Bak|ing Soda|
|000031c0| 29 2c 20 53 6f 64 69 75 | 6d 20 0d 43 61 72 62 6f |), Sodiu|m .Carbo|
|000031d0| 6e 61 74 65 20 20 28 73 | 6f 64 61 20 61 73 68 29 |nate (s|oda ash)|
|000031e0| 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 53 6f | 64 69 75 6d 20 0d 68 79 |, and So|dium .hy|
|000031f0| 64 72 6f 78 69 64 65 20 | 28 4c 79 65 29 2e 20 0d |droxide |(Lye). .|
|00003200| 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 66 | 6f 72 20 53 6f 64 69 75 | .Uses f|or Sodiu|
|00003210| 6d 3a 20 41 72 63 20 4c | 61 6d 70 20 4c 69 67 68 |m: Arc L|amp Ligh|
|00003220| 74 69 6e 67 2c 20 41 73 | 20 61 20 0d 68 65 61 74 |ting, As| a .heat|
|00003230| 20 74 72 61 6e 73 66 65 | 72 20 6c 69 71 75 69 64 | transfe|r liquid|
|00003240| 20 69 6e 20 4e 75 63 6c | 65 61 72 20 0d 52 65 61 | in Nucl|ear .Rea|
|00003250| 63 74 6f 72 73 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 6d |ctors, a|nd the m|
|00003260| 61 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 | 72 65 20 6f 66 20 0d 74 |anufactu|re of .t|
|00003270| 65 74 72 61 65 74 68 79 | 6c 20 6c 65 61 64 2e 20 |etraethy|l lead. |
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|00003290| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000032f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00003310| 67 6e 65 73 69 75 6d 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |gnesium |.Atomic |
|00003320| 53 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 | 4d 67 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Symbol: |Mg .Atom|
|00003330| 69 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 3a 20 31 32 20 0d 41 |ic Numbe|r: 12 .A|
|00003340| 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 | 69 67 68 74 3a 20 32 34 |tomic We|ight: 24|
|00003350| 2e 33 30 35 20 0d 45 6c | 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 |.305 .El|ectronic|
|00003360| 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 | 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 | Configu|ration: |
|00003370| 32 20 38 20 32 20 0d 20 | 0d 4d 61 67 6e 65 73 69 |2 8 2 . |.Magnesi|
|00003380| 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 |um is a |metallic|
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|000034b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000034c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000034d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000034e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000034f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
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|00003590| 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 61 | element| that wa|
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|000035c0| 20 57 6f 68 6c 65 72 20 | 0d 69 6e 20 31 38 32 37 | Wohler |.in 1827|
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|000035f0| 68 61 74 20 0d 69 73 20 | 76 65 72 79 20 64 75 63 |hat .is |very duc|
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|00003670| 20 65 61 72 74 68 27 73 | 20 63 72 75 73 74 20 28 | earth's| crust (|
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|000036e0| 66 6f 72 6d 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 69 74 20 61 70 70 |form tha|t it app|
|000036f0| 65 61 72 73 20 69 6e 20 | 69 73 20 0d 74 68 61 74 |ears in |is .that|
|00003700| 20 6f 66 20 42 61 75 78 | 69 74 65 2e 20 0d 20 0d | of Baux|ite. . .|
|00003710| 55 73 65 73 20 66 6f 72 | 20 41 6c 75 6d 69 6e 75 |Uses for| Aluminu|
|00003720| 6d 3a 20 50 61 69 6e 74 | 73 2c 20 46 6f 69 6c 73 |m: Paint|s, Foils|
|00003730| 2c 20 0d 4a 65 77 65 6c | 72 79 2c 20 57 65 6c 64 |, .Jewel|ry, Weld|
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|00003750| 6e 20 0d 77 69 72 69 6e | 67 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 41 |n .wirin|g, and A|
|00003760| 69 72 63 72 61 66 74 20 | 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 63 |ircraft |construc|
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|00003780| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 53 69 |Element |Name: Si|
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|000037a0| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 53 69 | 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mbol: Si| .Atomic|
|000037b0| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 31 34 20 0d 41 74 6f | Number:| 14 .Ato|
|000037c0| 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 | 68 74 3a 20 32 38 2e 30 |mic Weig|ht: 28.0|
|000037d0| 38 35 35 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |855 .Ele|ctronic |
|000037e0| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|000037f0| 20 38 20 34 20 8d 20 0d | 53 69 6c 69 63 6f 6e 20 | 8 4 . .|Silicon |
|00003800| 69 73 20 61 20 6e 6f 6e | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 |is a non| metalli|
|00003810| 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 0d |c elemen|t that .|
|00003820| 77 61 73 20 66 69 72 73 | 74 20 64 69 73 63 6f 76 |was firs|t discov|
|00003830| 65 72 65 64 20 62 79 20 | 4a 6f 6e 73 20 4a 61 6b |ered by |Jons Jak|
|00003840| 6f 62 20 0d 42 65 72 7a | 65 6c 69 75 73 20 69 6e |ob .Berz|elius in|
|00003850| 20 31 38 32 34 2e 20 20 | 53 69 6c 69 63 6f 6e 20 | 1824. |Silicon |
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|00003870| 70 69 63 20 66 6f 72 6d | 73 3b 20 62 72 6f 77 6e |pic form|s; brown|
|00003880| 20 61 6d 6f 72 70 68 6f | 75 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 | amorpho|us, and |
|00003890| 0d 64 61 72 6b 20 63 72 | 79 73 74 61 6c 6c 69 6e |.dark cr|ystallin|
|000038a0| 65 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 65 |e. It i|s the se|
|000038b0| 63 6f 6e 64 20 6d 6f 73 | 74 20 0d 61 62 75 6e 64 |cond mos|t .abund|
|000038c0| 61 6e 74 20 65 6c 65 6d | 65 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 74 |ant elem|ent in t|
|000038d0| 68 65 20 45 61 72 74 68 | 27 73 20 63 72 75 73 74 |he Earth|'s crust|
|000038e0| 20 0d 28 32 38 20 0d 25 | 20 62 79 20 77 65 69 67 | .(28 .%| by weig|
|000038f0| 68 74 29 2e 20 20 53 69 | 6c 69 63 6f 6e 20 6f 63 |ht). Si|licon oc|
|00003900| 63 75 72 73 20 6e 61 74 | 75 72 61 6c 6c 79 20 0d |curs nat|urally .|
|00003910| 69 6e 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f | 75 6e 64 20 66 6f 72 6d |in compo|und form|
|00003920| 73 20 73 75 63 68 20 61 | 73 20 73 69 6c 69 63 61 |s such a|s silica|
|00003930| 2c 20 0d 73 69 6c 69 63 | 6f 6e 20 0d 63 61 72 62 |, .silic|on .carb|
|00003940| 69 64 65 20 61 6e 64 20 | 73 69 6c 69 63 61 74 65 |ide and |silicate|
|00003950| 73 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 | 65 73 20 46 6f 72 20 53 |s. . .Us|es For S|
|00003960| 69 6c 69 63 6f 6e 3a 20 | 41 6c 6c 6f 79 20 53 74 |ilicon: |Alloy St|
|00003970| 72 65 6e 67 74 68 65 6e | 69 6e 67 2c 20 0d 53 65 |rengthen|ing, .Se|
|00003980| 6d 69 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 | 74 6f 72 73 2e 20 1a 1a |miconduc|tors. ..|
|00003990| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000039f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003a00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 50 68 |Element |Name: Ph|
|00003a10| 6f 73 70 68 6f 72 75 73 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |osphorus| .Atomic|
|00003a20| 20 53 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a | 20 50 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d | Symbol:| P .Atom|
|00003a30| 69 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 3a 20 31 35 20 0d 41 |ic Numbe|r: 15 .A|
|00003a40| 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 | 69 67 68 74 3a 20 33 30 |tomic We|ight: 30|
|00003a50| 2e 39 37 33 37 36 20 0d | 45 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e |.97376 .|Electron|
|00003a60| 69 63 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 | 67 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |ic Confi|guration|
|00003a70| 3a 20 32 20 38 20 35 20 | 0d 20 0d 50 68 6f 73 70 |: 2 8 5 |. .Phosp|
|00003a80| 68 6f 72 75 73 20 69 73 | 20 61 20 6e 6f 6e 20 6d |horus is| a non m|
|00003a90| 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 | 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |etallic |element |
|00003aa0| 0d 74 68 61 74 20 0d 77 | 61 73 20 64 69 73 63 6f |.that .w|as disco|
|00003ab0| 76 65 72 65 64 20 62 79 | 20 48 65 6e 6e 69 67 20 |vered by| Hennig |
|00003ac0| 42 72 61 6e 64 20 69 6e | 20 31 36 37 34 2e 20 0d |Brand in| 1674. .|
|00003ad0| 49 74 20 69 73 20 61 6e | 20 65 78 74 72 65 6d 65 |It is an| extreme|
|00003ae0| 6c 79 20 70 6f 69 73 6f | 6e 6f 75 73 2c 20 79 65 |ly poiso|nous, ye|
|00003af0| 6c 6c 6f 77 69 73 68 20 | 0d 77 68 69 74 65 2c 20 |llowish |.white, |
|00003b00| 77 61 78 79 20 73 6f 6c | 69 64 2e 20 20 50 68 6f |waxy sol|id. Pho|
|00003b10| 73 70 68 6f 72 6f 75 73 | 20 6d 75 73 74 20 62 65 |sphorous| must be|
|00003b20| 20 0d 73 74 6f 72 65 64 | 20 75 6e 64 65 72 77 61 | .stored| underwa|
|00003b30| 74 65 72 20 61 73 20 69 | 74 20 73 70 6f 6e 74 61 |ter as i|t sponta|
|00003b40| 6e 65 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 | 0d 69 67 6e 69 74 65 73 |neously |.ignites|
|00003b50| 20 69 6e 20 63 6f 6e 74 | 61 63 74 20 77 69 74 68 | in cont|act with|
|00003b60| 20 61 69 72 2e 20 20 54 | 68 65 20 6d 61 6a 6f 72 | air. T|he major|
|00003b70| 20 0d 73 6f 75 72 63 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 70 68 6f | .source| for pho|
|00003b80| 73 70 68 6f 72 6f 75 73 | 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 |sphorous| is the |
|00003b90| 6d 69 6e 65 72 61 6c 20 | 0d 41 70 61 74 69 74 65 |mineral |.Apatite|
|00003ba0| 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 65 | 73 20 46 6f 72 20 50 68 |. . .Use|s For Ph|
|00003bb0| 6f 73 70 68 6f 72 6f 75 | 73 3a 20 46 65 72 74 69 |osphorou|s: Ferti|
|00003bc0| 6c 69 7a 65 72 73 2c 20 | 0d 44 65 74 65 72 67 65 |lizers, |.Deterge|
|00003bd0| 6e 74 73 2c 20 49 6e 73 | 65 63 74 69 63 69 64 65 |nts, Ins|ecticide|
|00003be0| 73 2c 20 53 6f 66 74 20 | 0d 44 72 69 6e 6b 73 2c |s, Soft |.Drinks,|
|00003bf0| 20 54 6f 78 69 63 20 4e | 65 72 76 65 20 47 61 73 | Toxic N|erve Gas|
|00003c00| 65 73 2c 20 0d 50 68 61 | 72 6d 61 63 65 75 74 69 |es, .Pha|rmaceuti|
|00003c10| 63 61 6c 73 2c 20 61 6e | 64 20 44 65 6e 74 69 66 |cals, an|d Dentif|
|00003c20| 72 69 63 65 73 2c 20 0d | 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |rices, .| .......|
|00003c30| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003c40| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003c50| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003c60| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003c70| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003c80| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 53 75 |Element |Name: Su|
|00003c90| 6c 70 68 75 72 20 8d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 |lphur .A|tomic Sy|
|00003ca0| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 53 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |mbol: S |.Atomic |
|00003cb0| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 31 36 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d |Number: |16 .Atom|
|00003cc0| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 33 32 2e 30 36 |ic Weigh|t: 32.06|
|00003cd0| 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e | .Electr|onic Con|
|00003ce0| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 20 |figurati|on: 2 8 |
|00003cf0| 36 20 8d 20 0d 53 75 6c | 70 68 75 72 20 69 73 20 |6 . .Sul|phur is |
|00003d00| 61 20 6e 6f 6e 6d 65 74 | 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c |a nonmet|allic el|
|00003d10| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 0d 68 61 73 20 |ement th|at .has |
|00003d20| 0d 62 65 65 6e 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 6e 20 73 69 6e 63 |.been kn|own sinc|
|00003d30| 65 20 61 6e 74 69 71 75 | 69 74 79 20 61 6e 64 20 |e antiqu|ity and |
|00003d40| 66 69 72 73 74 20 0d 72 | 65 63 6f 67 6e 69 7a 65 |first .r|ecognize|
|00003d50| 64 20 61 73 20 61 6e 20 | 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |d as an |element |
|00003d60| 62 79 20 41 6e 74 6f 69 | 6e 65 20 0d 4c 61 76 6f |by Antoi|ne .Lavo|
|00003d70| 69 73 69 65 72 20 69 6e | 20 31 37 37 37 2e 20 20 |isier in| 1777. |
|00003d80| 53 75 6c 70 68 75 72 20 | 61 73 20 61 20 73 6f 6c |Sulphur |as a sol|
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|00003da0| 62 72 69 74 74 6c 65 2c | 20 6f 64 6f 72 6c 65 73 |brittle,| odorles|
|00003db0| 73 2c 20 74 61 73 74 65 | 6c 65 73 73 2c 20 0d 61 |s, taste|less, .a|
|00003dc0| 6e 64 20 0d 69 6e 73 6f | 6c 75 62 6c 65 20 69 6e |nd .inso|luble in|
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|00003e00| 73 2c 20 76 6f 6c 63 61 | 6e 69 63 20 72 65 67 69 |s, volca|nic regi|
|00003e10| 6f 6e 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 0d 6c 61 72 67 65 20 |ons, and| .large |
|00003e20| 75 6e 64 65 72 67 72 6f | 75 6e 64 20 64 65 70 6f |undergro|und depo|
|00003e30| 73 69 74 73 2e 20 20 49 | 74 20 69 73 20 61 6c 73 |sits. I|t is als|
|00003e40| 6f 20 0d 66 6f 75 6e 64 | 20 69 6e 20 63 6f 6e 6a |o .found| in conj|
|00003e50| 75 6e 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 63 6f 61 |unction |with coa|
|00003e60| 6c 2c 20 6e 61 74 75 72 | 61 6c 20 0d 67 61 73 20 |l, natur|al .gas |
|00003e70| 61 6e 64 20 70 65 74 72 | 6f 6c 65 75 6d 2e 20 0d |and petr|oleum. .|
|00003e80| 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 | 6f 72 20 53 75 6c 70 68 | .Uses F|or Sulph|
|00003e90| 75 72 3a 20 47 75 6e 70 | 6f 77 64 65 72 2c 20 4d |ur: Gunp|owder, M|
|00003ea0| 61 74 63 68 65 73 2c 20 | 0d 52 75 62 62 65 72 20 |atches, |.Rubber |
|00003eb0| 56 75 6c 63 61 6e 69 7a | 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 69 |Vulcaniz|ation, i|
|00003ec0| 6e 73 65 63 74 69 63 69 | 64 65 73 2c 20 0d 53 75 |nsectici|des, .Su|
|00003ed0| 6c 66 61 20 64 72 75 67 | 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 53 |lfa drug|s, and S|
|00003ee0| 75 6c 66 75 72 69 63 20 | 61 63 69 64 2e 20 0d 20 |ulfuric |acid. . |
|00003ef0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00003f00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 43 68 |Element |Name: Ch|
|00003f10| 6c 6f 72 69 6e 65 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |lorine .|Atomic S|
|00003f20| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 43 | 6c 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |ymbol: C|l .Atomi|
|00003f30| 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 31 37 20 0d 41 74 |c Number|: 17 .At|
|00003f40| 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 | 67 68 74 3a 20 33 35 2e |omic Wei|ght: 35.|
|00003f50| 34 35 33 20 8d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |453 .Ele|ctronic |
|00003f60| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|00003f70| 20 38 20 37 20 0d 20 0d | 43 68 6c 6f 72 69 6e 65 | 8 7 . .|Chlorine|
|00003f80| 20 69 73 20 61 20 67 61 | 73 65 6f 75 73 20 65 6c | is a ga|seous el|
|00003f90| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 64 69 | 73 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 |ement di|scovered|
|00003fa0| 20 0d 62 79 20 4b 61 72 | 6c 20 53 63 68 65 65 6c | .by Kar|l Scheel|
|00003fb0| 65 20 69 6e 20 31 37 37 | 34 2e 20 20 48 65 20 6d |e in 177|4. He m|
|00003fc0| 69 73 74 61 6b 65 6e 6c | 79 20 0d 74 68 6f 75 67 |istakenl|y .thoug|
|00003fd0| 68 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 43 68 6c 6f 72 69 6e 65 |ht that |Chlorine|
|00003fe0| 20 77 61 73 20 61 6e 20 | 6f 78 79 67 65 6e 20 0d | was an |oxygen .|
|00003ff0| 63 6f 6d 70 6f 75 6e 64 | 2e 20 20 53 69 72 20 48 |compound|. Sir H|
|00004000| 75 6d 70 68 72 79 20 44 | 61 76 79 20 63 6f 72 72 |umphry D|avy corr|
|00004010| 65 63 74 65 64 20 8d 74 | 68 69 73 20 6d 69 73 74 |ected .t|his mist|
|00004020| 61 6b 65 20 62 79 20 69 | 64 65 6e 74 69 66 79 69 |ake by i|dentifyi|
|00004030| 6e 67 20 69 74 20 61 73 | 20 61 6e 20 0d 65 6c 65 |ng it as| an .ele|
|00004040| 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 | 31 38 31 30 2e 20 20 49 |ment in |1810. I|
|00004050| 74 20 69 73 20 61 20 67 | 72 65 65 6e 69 73 68 20 |t is a g|reenish |
|00004060| 0d 79 65 6c 6c 6f 77 20 | 0d 70 6f 69 73 6f 6e 6f |.yellow |.poisono|
|00004070| 75 73 20 67 61 73 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 62 65 6c 6f |us gas t|hat belo|
|00004080| 6e 67 73 20 74 6f 20 74 | 68 65 20 0d 68 61 6c 6f |ngs to t|he .halo|
|00004090| 67 65 6e 20 0d 66 61 6d | 69 6c 79 2e 20 43 68 6c |gen .fam|ily. Chl|
|000040a0| 6f 72 69 6e 65 20 61 70 | 70 65 61 72 73 20 69 6e |orine ap|pears in|
|000040b0| 20 6e 61 74 75 72 65 20 | 69 6e 20 0d 6e 75 6d 65 | nature |in .nume|
|000040c0| 72 6f 75 73 20 61 62 75 | 6e 64 61 6e 74 20 63 6f |rous abu|ndant co|
|000040d0| 6d 70 6f 75 6e 64 73 2e | 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 |mpounds.| It is |
|000040e0| 0d 73 6f 6c 75 62 6c 65 | 20 69 6e 20 77 61 74 65 |.soluble| in wate|
|000040f0| 72 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 | 65 73 20 46 6f 72 20 43 |r. . .Us|es For C|
|00004100| 68 6c 6f 72 69 6e 65 3a | 20 57 61 74 65 72 20 50 |hlorine:| Water P|
|00004110| 75 72 69 66 69 63 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 2c 20 0d 41 73 |urificat|ion, .As|
|00004120| 20 0d 61 20 44 69 73 69 | 6e 66 65 63 74 61 6e 74 | .a Disi|nfectant|
|00004130| 20 61 6e 64 20 41 6e 74 | 69 73 65 70 74 69 63 2c | and Ant|iseptic,|
|00004140| 20 0d 50 65 73 74 69 63 | 69 64 65 73 2c 20 50 6f | .Pestic|ides, Po|
|00004150| 69 73 6f 6e 20 67 61 73 | 65 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |ison gas|es, and |
|00004160| 0d 4d 65 64 69 63 69 6e | 65 2e 20 0d 20 0d 20 1a |.Medicin|e. . . .|
|00004170| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004180| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 41 72 |Element |Name: Ar|
|00004190| 67 6f 6e 20 0d 41 74 6f | 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d 62 |gon .Ato|mic Symb|
|000041a0| 6f 6c 3a 20 41 72 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 4e |ol: Ar .|Atomic N|
|000041b0| 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 31 | 38 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |umber: 1|8 .Atomi|
|000041c0| 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 | 3a 20 33 39 2e 39 34 38 |c Weight|: 39.948|
|000041d0| 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e | .Electr|onic Con|
|000041e0| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 20 |figurati|on: 2 8 |
|000041f0| 38 20 0d 20 0d 41 72 67 | 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 61 20 |8 . .Arg|on is a |
|00004200| 67 61 73 65 6f 75 73 20 | 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 |gaseous |element |
|00004210| 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 72 | 65 64 20 62 79 20 0d 53 |discover|ed by .S|
|00004220| 69 72 20 57 69 6c 6c 69 | 61 6d 20 52 61 6d 73 61 |ir Willi|am Ramsa|
|00004230| 79 20 61 6e 64 20 4c 6f | 72 64 20 52 61 79 6c 65 |y and Lo|rd Rayle|
|00004240| 69 67 68 20 69 6e 20 0d | 31 38 39 34 2e 20 20 49 |igh in .|1894. I|
|00004250| 74 20 69 73 20 61 6e 20 | 6f 64 6f 72 6c 65 73 73 |t is an |odorless|
|00004260| 20 61 6e 64 20 74 61 73 | 74 65 6c 65 73 73 20 0d | and tas|teless .|
|00004270| 69 6e 65 72 74 20 67 61 | 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 6d |inert ga|s that m|
|00004280| 61 6b 65 73 20 75 70 20 | 2e 39 33 20 25 20 6f 66 |akes up |.93 % of|
|00004290| 20 74 68 65 20 0d 61 74 | 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 | the .at|mosphere|
|000042a0| 20 62 79 20 76 6f 6c 75 | 6d 65 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 | by volu|me. . .U|
|000042b0| 73 65 73 20 46 6f 72 20 | 41 72 67 6f 6e 3a 20 4c |ses For |Argon: L|
|000042c0| 69 67 68 74 20 42 75 6c | 62 73 2c 20 4e 65 6f 6e |ight Bul|bs, Neon|
|000042d0| 20 53 69 67 6e 73 2c 20 | 0d 52 65 66 69 6e 69 6e | Signs, |.Refinin|
|000042e0| 67 20 52 65 61 63 74 69 | 76 65 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 |g Reacti|ve eleme|
|000042f0| 6e 74 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 69 6e 20 0d 41 72 63 |nts, and| in .Arc|
|00004300| 20 57 65 6c 64 69 6e 67 | 2e 20 0d 20 1a 1a 1a 1a | Welding|. . ....|
|00004310| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004320| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004330| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004340| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004350| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004360| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004370| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004380| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 50 6f |Element |Name: Po|
|00004390| 74 61 73 73 69 75 6d 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |tassium |.Atomic |
|000043a0| 53 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 | 4b 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |Symbol: |K .Atomi|
|000043b0| 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 31 39 20 0d 41 74 |c Number|: 19 .At|
|000043c0| 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 | 67 68 74 3a 20 32 32 2e |omic Wei|ght: 22.|
|000043d0| 39 38 39 37 37 20 0d 45 | 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 |98977 .E|lectroni|
|000043e0| 63 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 | 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a |c Config|uration:|
|000043f0| 20 32 20 38 20 38 20 31 | 20 0d 20 0d 50 6f 74 61 | 2 8 8 1| . .Pota|
|00004400| 73 73 69 75 6d 20 69 73 | 20 61 20 6d 65 74 61 6c |ssium is| a metal|
|00004410| 6c 69 63 20 65 6c 65 6d | 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 74 |lic elem|ent that|
|00004420| 20 77 61 73 20 0d 64 69 | 73 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 | was .di|scovered|
|00004430| 20 62 79 20 53 69 72 20 | 48 75 6d 70 68 72 79 20 | by Sir |Humphry |
|00004440| 44 61 76 79 20 69 6e 20 | 0d 31 38 30 37 2e 20 20 |Davy in |.1807. |
|00004450| 49 74 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 73 6f 66 74 20 73 69 6c |It is a |soft sil|
|00004460| 76 65 72 79 20 77 68 69 | 74 65 20 61 6c 6b 61 6c |very whi|te alkal|
|00004470| 69 20 0d 6d 65 74 61 6c | 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 69 |i .metal| which i|
|00004480| 73 20 65 78 74 72 65 6d | 65 6c 79 20 72 65 61 63 |s extrem|ely reac|
|00004490| 74 69 76 65 2e 20 0d 50 | 6f 74 61 73 73 69 75 6d |tive. .P|otassium|
|000044a0| 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 65 76 65 6e 74 68 20 | is the |seventh |
|000044b0| 6d 6f 73 74 20 61 62 75 | 6e 64 61 6e 74 20 0d 65 |most abu|ndant .e|
|000044c0| 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 45 61 |lement i|n the Ea|
|000044d0| 72 74 68 27 73 20 63 72 | 75 73 74 20 61 6e 64 20 |rth's cr|ust and |
|000044e0| 74 68 65 20 0d 73 69 78 | 74 68 20 6d 6f 73 74 20 |the .six|th most |
|000044f0| 61 62 75 6e 64 61 6e 74 | 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 |abundant| element|
|00004500| 20 69 6e 20 73 6f 6c 75 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 0d 69 6e | in solu|tion .in|
|00004510| 20 74 68 65 20 65 61 72 | 74 68 27 73 20 73 65 61 | the ear|th's sea|
|00004520| 73 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 | 65 73 20 46 6f 72 20 50 |s. . .Us|es For P|
|00004530| 6f 74 61 73 73 69 75 6d | 3a 20 46 65 72 74 69 6c |otassium|: Fertil|
|00004540| 69 7a 65 72 73 2c 20 53 | 6f 61 70 73 2c 20 0d 45 |izers, S|oaps, .E|
|00004550| 78 70 6c 6f 73 69 76 65 | 73 2c 20 47 6c 61 73 73 |xplosive|s, Glass|
|00004560| 2c 20 42 61 6b 69 6e 67 | 20 50 6f 77 64 65 72 2c |, Baking| Powder,|
|00004570| 20 0d 54 61 6e 6e 69 6e | 67 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 57 | .Tannin|g, and W|
|00004580| 61 74 65 72 20 50 75 72 | 69 66 69 63 61 74 69 6f |ater Pur|ificatio|
|00004590| 6e 2e 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |n. .....|........|
|000045a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000045b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000045c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000045d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000045e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000045f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004600| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 43 61 |Element |Name: Ca|
|00004610| 6c 63 69 75 6d 20 0d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 |lcium .A|tomic Sy|
|00004620| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 43 61 | 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mbol: Ca| .Atomic|
|00004630| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 32 30 20 0d 41 74 6f | Number:| 20 .Ato|
|00004640| 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 | 68 74 3a 34 30 2e 30 38 |mic Weig|ht:40.08|
|00004650| 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e | .Electr|onic Con|
|00004660| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 20 |figurati|on: 2 8 |
|00004670| 38 20 32 20 0d 20 0d 43 | 61 6c 63 69 75 6d 20 69 |8 2 . .C|alcium i|
|00004680| 73 20 61 20 6d 65 74 61 | 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c 65 |s a meta|llic ele|
|00004690| 6d 65 6e 74 20 64 69 73 | 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 |ment dis|covered |
|000046a0| 0d 62 79 20 53 69 72 20 | 48 75 6d 70 68 72 79 20 |.by Sir |Humphry |
|000046b0| 44 61 76 79 20 69 6e 20 | 31 38 30 38 2e 20 20 49 |Davy in |1808. I|
|000046c0| 74 20 69 73 20 61 20 0d | 73 69 6c 76 65 72 20 77 |t is a .|silver w|
|000046d0| 68 69 74 65 2c 20 73 6f | 66 74 2c 20 6d 61 6c 6c |hite, so|ft, mall|
|000046e0| 65 61 62 6c 65 2c 20 61 | 6c 6b 61 6c 69 6e 65 20 |eable, a|lkaline |
|000046f0| 0d 65 61 72 74 68 20 6d | 65 74 61 6c 2e 20 20 43 |.earth m|etal. C|
|00004700| 61 6c 63 69 75 6d 20 69 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 66 69 |alcium i|s the fi|
|00004710| 66 74 68 20 6d 6f 73 74 | 20 0d 61 62 75 6e 64 61 |fth most| .abunda|
|00004720| 6e 74 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 | 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |nt eleme|nt in th|
|00004730| 65 20 45 61 72 74 68 27 | 73 20 63 72 75 73 74 20 |e Earth'|s crust |
|00004740| 0d 28 33 2e 36 20 25 29 | 2e 20 20 43 61 6c 63 69 |.(3.6 %)|. Calci|
|00004750| 75 6d 20 69 73 20 6e 6f | 74 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 |um is no|t found |
|00004760| 62 79 20 0d 69 74 73 65 | 6c 66 2c 20 0d 69 6e 73 |by .itse|lf, .ins|
|00004770| 74 65 61 64 20 69 74 20 | 69 73 20 66 6f 75 6e 64 |tead it |is found|
|00004780| 20 63 6f 6d 62 69 6e 65 | 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 6f | combine|d with o|
|00004790| 74 68 65 72 20 0d 65 6c | 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 69 |ther .el|ements i|
|000047a0| 6e 74 6f 20 63 6f 6d 70 | 6f 75 6e 64 73 2e 20 54 |nto comp|ounds. T|
|000047b0| 68 65 73 65 20 63 6f 6d | 70 6f 75 6e 64 73 20 0d |hese com|pounds .|
|000047c0| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 20 | 41 70 61 74 69 74 65 2c |include |Apatite,|
|000047d0| 20 43 61 6c 63 69 74 65 | 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 44 6f | Calcite|, and Do|
|000047e0| 6c 6f 6d 69 74 65 2e 20 | 0d 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 |lomite. |. .Uses |
|000047f0| 46 6f 72 20 43 61 6c 63 | 69 75 6d 3a 20 52 65 64 |For Calc|ium: Red|
|00004800| 75 63 69 6e 67 20 41 67 | 65 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 20 |ucing Ag|ent for |
|00004810| 74 68 65 20 0d 70 72 65 | 70 61 72 61 74 69 6f 6e |the .pre|paration|
|00004820| 20 6f 66 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 73 | of othe|r metals|
|00004830| 2e 20 0d 20 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |. . ....|........|
|00004840| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004850| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004860| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004870| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004880| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 53 63 |Element |Name: Sc|
|00004890| 61 6e 64 69 75 6d 20 8d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |andium .|Atomic S|
|000048a0| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 53 | 63 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |ymbol: S|c .Atomi|
|000048b0| 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 32 31 20 0d 41 74 |c Number|: 21 .At|
|000048c0| 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 | 67 68 74 3a 20 34 34 2e |omic Wei|ght: 44.|
|000048d0| 39 35 35 39 20 0d 45 6c | 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 |9559 .El|ectronic|
|000048e0| 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 | 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 | Configu|ration: |
|000048f0| 32 20 38 20 39 20 32 20 | 0d 20 0d 53 63 61 6e 64 |2 8 9 2 |. .Scand|
|00004900| 69 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 |ium is a| metalli|
|00004910| 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 0d 64 69 73 63 6f |c elemen|t .disco|
|00004920| 76 65 72 65 64 20 0d 62 | 79 20 4c 2e 20 46 2e 20 |vered .b|y L. F. |
|00004930| 4e 69 6c 73 6f 6e 20 69 | 6e 20 31 38 37 39 2e 20 |Nilson i|n 1879. |
|00004940| 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 61 | 20 73 6f 66 74 20 0d 73 | It is a| soft .s|
|00004950| 69 6c 76 65 72 20 77 68 | 69 74 65 20 72 61 72 65 |ilver wh|ite rare|
|00004960| 20 65 61 72 74 68 20 6d | 65 74 61 6c 2e 20 20 49 | earth m|etal. I|
|00004970| 74 73 20 0d 61 62 75 6e | 64 61 6e 63 65 20 6f 6e |ts .abun|dance on|
|00004980| 20 65 61 72 74 68 20 69 | 73 20 72 65 6c 61 74 69 | earth i|s relati|
|00004990| 76 65 6c 79 20 0d 6c 69 | 6d 69 74 65 64 3b 20 0d |vely .li|mited; .|
|000049a0| 69 74 20 69 73 20 6d 6f | 72 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f |it is mo|re commo|
|000049b0| 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 73 75 6e 20 61 6e 64 |n in the| sun and|
|000049c0| 20 63 65 72 74 61 69 6e | 20 0d 73 74 61 72 73 2e | certain| .stars.|
|000049d0| 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 65 73 | 20 46 6f 72 20 53 63 61 | . .Uses| For Sca|
|000049e0| 6e 64 69 75 6d 3a 20 4e | 69 63 6b 65 6c 20 41 6c |ndium: N|ickel Al|
|000049f0| 6b 61 6c 69 6e 65 20 0d | 53 74 6f 72 61 67 65 20 |kaline .|Storage |
|00004a00| 42 61 74 74 65 72 69 65 | 73 2c 20 52 61 64 69 6f |Batterie|s, Radio|
|00004a10| 61 63 74 69 76 65 20 54 | 72 61 63 65 72 73 2e 20 |active T|racers. |
|00004a20| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a30| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a40| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a50| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a60| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a70| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004a80| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 54 69 |Element |Name: Ti|
|00004a90| 74 61 6e 69 75 6d 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |tanium .|Atomic S|
|00004aa0| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 54 | 69 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |ymbol: T|i .Atomi|
|00004ab0| 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 32 32 20 0d 41 74 |c Number|: 22 .At|
|00004ac0| 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 | 67 68 74 3a 20 34 37 2e |omic Wei|ght: 47.|
|00004ad0| 38 38 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 | 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 |88 .Elec|tronic C|
|00004ae0| 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 |onfigura|tion: 2 |
|00004af0| 38 20 31 30 20 32 20 0d | 20 0d 54 69 74 61 6e 69 |8 10 2 .| .Titani|
|00004b00| 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 |um is a |metallic|
|00004b10| 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 61 | element| that wa|
|00004b20| 73 20 0d 66 69 72 73 74 | 20 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 |s .first| discove|
|00004b30| 72 65 64 20 62 79 20 57 | 69 6c 6c 69 61 6d 20 47 |red by W|illiam G|
|00004b40| 72 65 67 6f 72 20 69 6e | 20 0d 31 37 39 31 2e 20 |regor in| .1791. |
|00004b50| 20 54 69 74 61 6e 69 75 | 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 6c | Titaniu|m is a l|
|00004b60| 75 73 74 72 6f 75 73 2c | 20 73 69 6c 76 65 72 20 |ustrous,| silver |
|00004b70| 0d 77 68 69 74 65 2c 20 | 6d 65 74 61 6c 20 74 68 |.white, |metal th|
|00004b80| 61 74 20 69 73 20 76 65 | 72 79 20 63 6f 72 72 6f |at is ve|ry corro|
|00004b90| 73 69 6f 6e 20 0d 72 65 | 73 69 73 74 61 6e 74 2e |sion .re|sistant.|
|00004ba0| 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 | 76 65 72 79 20 64 75 63 | It is |very duc|
|00004bb0| 74 69 6c 65 20 69 6e 20 | 69 74 73 20 0d 70 75 72 |tile in |its .pur|
|00004bc0| 65 20 73 74 61 74 65 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 6c |e state,| and mal|
|00004bd0| 6c 65 61 62 6c 65 20 77 | 68 65 6e 20 69 74 20 69 |leable w|hen it i|
|00004be0| 73 20 0d 68 65 61 74 65 | 64 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 |s .heate|d. It i|
|00004bf0| 73 20 77 69 64 65 20 73 | 70 72 65 61 64 20 69 6e |s wide s|pread in|
|00004c00| 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 75 6e | 64 73 20 0d 69 6e 20 6e | compoun|ds .in n|
|00004c10| 61 74 75 72 65 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 69 74 20 69 73 |ature, a|nd it is|
|00004c20| 20 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 | 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | present| in the |
|00004c30| 0d 73 75 6e 2c 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 73 74 61 72 |.sun, ot|her star|
|00004c40| 73 2c 20 6d 65 74 65 6f | 72 69 74 65 73 2c 20 61 |s, meteo|rites, a|
|00004c50| 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 0d | 6d 6f 6f 6e 2e 20 0d 20 |nd the .|moon. . |
|00004c60| 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f | 72 20 54 69 74 61 6e 69 |.Uses Fo|r Titani|
|00004c70| 75 6d 3a 20 4c 69 67 68 | 74 77 65 69 67 68 74 20 |um: Ligh|tweight |
|00004c80| 4d 65 74 61 6c 73 2c 20 | 0d 50 69 67 6d 65 6e 74 |Metals, |.Pigment|
|00004c90| 73 2e 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |s. .....|........|
|00004ca0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004cb0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004cc0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004cd0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004ce0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004cf0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004d00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 56 61 |Element |Name: Va|
|00004d10| 6e 61 64 69 75 6d 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |nadium .|Atomic S|
|00004d20| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 56 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |ymbol: V| .Atomic|
|00004d30| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 32 33 20 0d 41 74 6f | Number:| 23 .Ato|
|00004d40| 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 | 68 74 3a 20 35 30 2e 39 |mic Weig|ht: 50.9|
|00004d50| 34 31 35 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |415 .Ele|ctronic |
|00004d60| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|00004d70| 20 38 20 31 31 20 32 20 | 0d 20 0d 56 61 6e 61 64 | 8 11 2 |. .Vanad|
|00004d80| 69 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 |ium is a| metalli|
|00004d90| 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 |c elemen|t that w|
|00004da0| 61 73 20 0d 64 69 73 63 | 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 69 |as .disc|overed i|
|00004db0| 6e 20 31 38 30 31 20 62 | 79 20 41 2e 4d 2e 20 64 |n 1801 b|y A.M. d|
|00004dc0| 65 6c 20 52 69 6f 2e 20 | 0d 56 61 6e 61 64 69 75 |el Rio. |.Vanadiu|
|00004dd0| 6d 20 69 73 20 61 20 73 | 6f 66 74 2c 20 73 69 6c |m is a s|oft, sil|
|00004de0| 76 65 72 20 67 72 61 79 | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 2e 20 |ver gray| metal. |
|00004df0| 0d 49 74 20 69 73 20 75 | 73 65 64 20 74 6f 20 61 |.It is u|sed to a|
|00004e00| 64 64 20 73 74 72 65 6e | 67 74 68 2c 20 68 65 61 |dd stren|gth, hea|
|00004e10| 74 20 0d 72 65 73 69 73 | 74 61 6e 63 65 2c 20 61 |t .resis|tance, a|
|00004e20| 6e 64 20 74 6f 75 67 68 | 6e 65 73 73 20 74 6f 20 |nd tough|ness to |
|00004e30| 73 74 65 65 6c 20 0d 61 | 6c 6c 6f 79 73 2e 20 0d |steel .a|lloys. .|
|00004e40| 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 | 6f 72 20 56 61 6e 61 64 | .Uses F|or Vanad|
|00004e50| 69 75 6d 3a 20 41 6e 20 | 61 64 64 69 74 69 76 65 |ium: An |additive|
|00004e60| 20 74 6f 20 53 74 65 65 | 6c 2c 20 0d 43 65 72 61 | to Stee|l, .Cera|
|00004e70| 6d 69 63 73 2c 20 47 6c | 61 73 73 2c 20 44 79 65 |mics, Gl|ass, Dye|
|00004e80| 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 43 | 61 74 61 6c 79 73 74 20 |s, and C|atalyst |
|00004e90| 0d 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 63 68 65 6d 69 63 61 6c |.in the |chemical|
|00004ea0| 20 69 6e 64 75 73 74 72 | 79 2e 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | industr|y. .....|
|00004eb0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004ec0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004ed0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004ee0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004ef0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00004f00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 43 68 |Element |Name: Ch|
|00004f10| 72 6f 6d 69 75 6d 20 0d | 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 |romium .|Atomic S|
|00004f20| 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 43 | 72 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 |ymbol: C|r .Atomi|
|00004f30| 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 | 3a 20 32 34 20 0d 41 74 |c Number|: 24 .At|
|00004f40| 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 | 67 68 74 3a 20 35 31 2e |omic Wei|ght: 51.|
|00004f50| 39 39 36 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |996 .Ele|ctronic |
|00004f60| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|00004f70| 20 38 20 31 33 20 31 20 | 0d 20 0d 43 68 72 6f 6d | 8 13 1 |. .Chrom|
|00004f80| 69 75 6d 20 69 73 20 61 | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 |ium is a| metalli|
|00004f90| 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 77 |c elemen|t that w|
|00004fa0| 61 73 20 0d 64 69 73 63 | 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 69 |as .disc|overed i|
|00004fb0| 6e 20 31 37 39 37 20 62 | 79 20 4c 2e 20 4e 2e 20 |n 1797 b|y L. N. |
|00004fc0| 56 61 75 71 75 65 6c 69 | 6e 2e 20 0d 49 74 20 69 |Vauqueli|n. .It i|
|00004fd0| 73 20 61 20 6c 75 73 74 | 72 6f 75 73 20 73 69 6c |s a lust|rous sil|
|00004fe0| 76 65 72 20 67 72 61 79 | 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 20 74 |ver gray| metal t|
|00004ff0| 68 61 74 20 0d 69 73 20 | 72 61 72 65 2e 20 20 43 |hat .is |rare. C|
|00005000| 68 72 6f 6d 69 75 6d 20 | 69 73 20 61 6e 20 65 6c |hromium |is an el|
|00005010| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 | 61 74 20 0d 6f 63 63 75 |ement th|at .occu|
|00005020| 72 73 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 | 69 6e 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f |rs only |in compo|
|00005030| 75 6e 64 73 2c 20 63 68 | 69 65 66 6c 79 20 69 6e |unds, ch|iefly in|
|00005040| 20 0d 43 68 72 6f 6d 69 | 74 65 2e 20 20 43 68 72 | .Chromi|te. Chr|
|00005050| 6f 6d 69 75 6d 20 20 69 | 73 20 65 78 74 72 65 6d |omium i|s extrem|
|00005060| 65 6c 79 20 68 61 72 64 | 20 0d 61 6e 64 20 6e 6f |ely hard| .and no|
|00005070| 6e 74 61 72 6e 69 73 68 | 69 6e 67 2e 20 0d 20 0d |ntarnish|ing. . .|
|00005080| 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f 72 | 20 43 68 72 6f 6d 69 75 |Uses For| Chromiu|
|00005090| 6d 3a 20 50 6c 61 74 69 | 6e 67 20 6f 74 68 65 72 |m: Plati|ng other|
|000050a0| 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 73 2c | 20 0d 41 6c 6c 6f 79 73 | metals,| .Alloys|
|000050b0| 20 77 69 74 68 20 6f 74 | 68 65 72 20 6d 65 74 61 | with ot|her meta|
|000050c0| 6c 73 2c 20 50 69 67 6d | 65 6e 74 73 2c 20 0d 54 |ls, Pigm|ents, .T|
|000050d0| 61 6e 6e 69 6e 67 2c 20 | 44 79 65 69 6e 67 2e 20 |anning, |Dyeing. |
|000050e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000050f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005100| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 4d 61 |Element |Name: Ma|
|00005110| 6e 67 61 6e 65 73 65 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |nganese |.Atomic |
|00005120| 53 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 | 4d 6e 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Symbol: |Mn .Atom|
|00005130| 69 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 3a 20 32 35 20 0d 41 |ic Numbe|r: 25 .A|
|00005140| 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 | 69 67 68 74 3a 20 35 34 |tomic We|ight: 54|
|00005150| 2e 39 33 38 30 20 0d 45 | 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 |.9380 .E|lectroni|
|00005160| 63 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 | 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a |c Config|uration:|
|00005170| 20 32 20 38 20 31 33 20 | 32 20 0d 20 0d 4d 61 6e | 2 8 13 |2 . .Man|
|00005180| 67 61 6e 65 73 65 20 69 | 73 20 61 20 6d 65 74 61 |ganese i|s a meta|
|00005190| 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 |llic ele|ment tha|
|000051a0| 74 20 77 61 73 20 0d 66 | 69 72 73 74 20 64 69 73 |t was .f|irst dis|
|000051b0| 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 20 | 62 79 20 4a 2e 47 2e 20 |covered |by J.G. |
|000051c0| 47 61 68 6e 20 69 6e 20 | 31 37 37 34 2e 20 0d 42 |Gahn in |1774. .B|
|000051d0| 65 61 72 69 6e 67 20 61 | 20 72 65 73 65 6d 62 6c |earing a| resembl|
|000051e0| 61 6e 63 65 20 74 6f 20 | 69 72 6f 6e 2c 20 6d 61 |ance to |iron, ma|
|000051f0| 6e 67 61 6e 65 73 65 20 | 0d 69 73 20 70 69 6e 6b |nganese |.is pink|
|00005200| 69 73 68 20 67 72 61 79 | 20 61 6e 64 20 63 68 65 |ish gray| and che|
|00005210| 6d 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 61 63 74 69 76 65 2e 20 |mically |active. |
|00005220| 0d 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 | 46 6f 72 20 4d 61 6e 67 |. .Uses |For Mang|
|00005230| 61 6e 65 73 65 3a 20 49 | 74 20 69 73 20 61 20 44 |anese: I|t is a D|
|00005240| 65 6f 64 6f 72 69 7a 69 | 6e 67 20 0d 61 6e 64 20 |eodorizi|ng .and |
|00005250| 44 65 73 75 6c 66 75 72 | 69 7a 69 6e 67 20 61 67 |Desulfur|izing ag|
|00005260| 65 6e 74 20 69 6e 20 73 | 74 65 65 6c 20 0d 6d 61 |ent in s|teel .ma|
|00005270| 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 | 65 2c 20 41 6c 6c 6f 79 |nufactur|e, Alloy|
|00005280| 20 6d 61 6b 69 6e 67 2e | 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | making.| .......|
|00005290| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000052f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005300| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 49 72 |Element |Name: Ir|
|00005310| 6f 6e 20 8d 41 74 6f 6d | 69 63 20 53 79 6d 62 6f |on .Atom|ic Symbo|
|00005320| 6c 3a 20 46 65 20 0d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 4e 75 |l: Fe .A|tomic Nu|
|00005330| 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 32 36 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mber: 26| .Atomic|
|00005340| 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 3a | 20 35 35 2e 38 34 37 20 | Weight:| 55.847 |
|00005350| 8d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 6f | 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e 66 |.Electro|nic Conf|
|00005360| 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 20 31 |iguratio|n: 2 8 1|
|00005370| 34 20 32 20 0d 20 8d 49 | 72 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 61 |4 2 . .I|ron is a|
|00005380| 20 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 | 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | metalli|c elemen|
|00005390| 74 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 | 73 20 0d 6c 75 73 74 72 |t that i|s .lustr|
|000053a0| 6f 75 73 2c 20 64 75 63 | 74 69 6c 65 2c 20 6d 61 |ous, duc|tile, ma|
|000053b0| 6c 6c 65 61 62 6c 65 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 73 69 6c |lleable,| and sil|
|000053c0| 76 65 72 20 0d 67 72 61 | 79 2e 20 20 49 72 6f 6e |ver .gra|y. Iron|
|000053d0| 20 69 73 20 61 20 67 6f | 6f 64 20 63 6f 6e 64 75 | is a go|od condu|
|000053e0| 63 74 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 | 68 65 61 74 20 0d 61 6e |ctor of |heat .an|
|000053f0| 64 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 | 69 63 69 74 79 2e 20 20 |d electr|icity. |
|00005400| 49 74 20 69 73 20 61 6c | 73 6f 20 65 61 73 69 6c |It is al|so easil|
|00005410| 79 20 0d 6d 61 67 6e 65 | 74 69 7a 65 64 20 61 6e |y .magne|tized an|
|00005420| 64 20 61 74 74 72 61 63 | 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 61 |d attrac|ted by a|
|00005430| 20 6d 61 67 6e 65 74 2e | 20 0d 49 74 20 0d 69 73 | magnet.| .It .is|
|00005440| 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f 75 | 72 74 68 20 6d 6f 73 74 | the fou|rth most|
|00005450| 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e 20 | 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | common |element |
|00005460| 0d 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 45 61 72 74 68 27 73 20 |.in the |Earth's |
|00005470| 63 72 75 73 74 20 28 35 | 25 20 62 79 20 77 65 69 |crust (5|% by wei|
|00005480| 67 68 74 29 2c 20 0d 61 | 6c 73 6f 20 0d 69 74 20 |ght), .a|lso .it |
|00005490| 69 73 20 62 65 6c 69 65 | 76 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 |is belie|ved to b|
|000054a0| 65 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | 6a 6f 72 20 0d 69 6e 67 |e the ma|jor .ing|
|000054b0| 72 65 64 69 65 6e 74 20 | 0d 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |redient |.in the |
|000054c0| 65 61 72 74 68 27 73 20 | 63 6f 72 65 2e 20 20 49 |earth's |core. I|
|000054d0| 72 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 72 | 61 72 65 6c 79 20 0d 66 |ron is r|arely .f|
|000054e0| 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 | 69 74 73 20 65 6c 65 6d |ound in |its elem|
|000054f0| 65 6e 74 61 6c 20 73 74 | 61 74 65 20 69 6e 20 6e |ental st|ate in n|
|00005500| 61 74 75 72 65 20 0d 65 | 78 63 65 70 74 20 69 6e |ature .e|xcept in|
|00005510| 20 6d 65 74 65 6f 72 69 | 74 65 73 2e 20 0d 20 0d | meteori|tes. . .|
|00005520| 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f 72 | 20 49 72 6f 6e 3a 20 44 |Uses For| Iron: D|
|00005530| 79 65 69 6e 67 2c 20 50 | 69 67 6d 65 6e 74 73 2c |yeing, P|igments,|
|00005540| 20 49 6e 6b 20 0d 4d 61 | 6e 75 66 61 63 74 75 72 | Ink .Ma|nufactur|
|00005550| 65 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 69 | 6e 20 4d 65 74 61 6c 73 |e, and i|n Metals|
|00005560| 20 0d 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 0d 20 | .produc|tion. . |
|00005570| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005580| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 43 6f |Element |Name: Co|
|00005590| 62 61 6c 74 20 0d 41 74 | 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d |balt .At|omic Sym|
|000055a0| 62 6f 6c 3a 20 43 6f 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |bol: Co |.Atomic |
|000055b0| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 32 37 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Number: |27 .Atom|
|000055c0| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 35 38 2e 39 33 |ic Weigh|t: 58.93|
|000055d0| 33 32 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 | 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 |32 .Elec|tronic C|
|000055e0| 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 |onfigura|tion: 2 |
|000055f0| 38 20 31 35 20 32 20 8d | 20 0d 43 6f 62 61 6c 74 |8 15 2 .| .Cobalt|
|00005600| 20 69 73 20 61 20 6d 65 | 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 67 | is a me|tallic g|
|00005610| 72 61 79 20 65 6c 65 6d | 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 74 |ray elem|ent that|
|00005620| 20 0d 77 61 73 20 64 69 | 73 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 | .was di|scovered|
|00005630| 20 69 6e 20 31 37 33 35 | 20 62 79 20 47 65 6f 72 | in 1735| by Geor|
|00005640| 67 20 42 72 61 6e 64 74 | 2e 20 0d 43 6f 62 61 6c |g Brandt|. .Cobal|
|00005650| 74 20 69 73 20 73 69 6c | 76 65 72 20 77 68 69 74 |t is sil|ver whit|
|00005660| 65 2c 20 6c 75 73 74 72 | 6f 75 73 2c 20 76 65 72 |e, lustr|ous, ver|
|00005670| 79 20 0d 68 61 72 64 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 63 61 6e |y .hard,| and can|
|00005680| 20 62 65 20 6d 61 67 6e | 65 74 69 7a 65 64 2e 20 | be magn|etized. |
|00005690| 49 6e 20 6e 61 74 75 72 | 65 2c 20 0d 63 6f 62 61 |In natur|e, .coba|
|000056a0| 6c 74 20 69 73 20 66 6f | 75 6e 64 20 63 6f 6d 62 |lt is fo|und comb|
|000056b0| 69 6e 65 64 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 6f 74 68 65 72 20 |ined wit|h other |
|000056c0| 0d 6d 65 74 61 6c 73 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6f |.metals |in the o|
|000056d0| 72 65 73 20 43 6f 62 61 | 6c 74 69 74 65 20 61 6e |res Coba|ltite an|
|000056e0| 64 20 0d 53 6d 61 6c 74 | 69 74 65 2e 20 0d 20 0d |d .Smalt|ite. . .|
|000056f0| 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f 72 | 20 43 6f 62 61 6c 74 3a |Uses For| Cobalt:|
|00005700| 20 56 65 72 79 20 68 61 | 72 64 20 43 75 74 74 69 | Very ha|rd Cutti|
|00005710| 6e 67 20 0d 74 6f 6f 6c | 73 2c 20 0d 48 69 67 68 |ng .tool|s, .High|
|00005720| 20 73 74 72 65 6e 67 74 | 68 20 70 65 72 6d 61 6e | strengt|h perman|
|00005730| 65 6e 74 20 6d 61 67 6e | 65 74 73 2c 20 0d 4a 65 |ent magn|ets, .Je|
|00005740| 74 20 65 6e 67 69 6e 65 | 73 2e 20 20 43 6f 62 61 |t engine|s. Coba|
|00005750| 6c 74 2d 36 30 20 0d 28 | 52 61 64 69 6f 61 63 74 |lt-60 .(|Radioact|
|00005760| 69 76 65 29 20 69 73 20 | 75 73 65 64 20 66 6f 72 |ive) is |used for|
|00005770| 20 63 61 6e 63 65 72 20 | 0d 74 68 65 72 61 70 79 | cancer |.therapy|
|00005780| 20 61 6e 64 20 66 6c 61 | 77 20 64 65 74 65 63 74 | and fla|w detect|
|00005790| 69 6f 6e 20 69 6e 20 6d | 65 74 61 6c 20 0d 70 61 |ion in m|etal .pa|
|000057a0| 72 74 73 2e 20 0d 20 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |rts. . .|........|
|000057b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000057c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000057d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000057e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000057f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005800| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 4e 69 |Element |Name: Ni|
|00005810| 63 6b 65 6c 20 0d 41 74 | 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d |ckel .At|omic Sym|
|00005820| 62 6f 6c 3a 20 4e 69 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |bol: Ni |.Atomic |
|00005830| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 32 38 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Number: |28 .Atom|
|00005840| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 35 38 2e 36 39 |ic Weigh|t: 58.69|
|00005850| 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f 6e | .Electr|onic Con|
|00005860| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 20 |figurati|on: 2 8 |
|00005870| 31 36 20 31 32 20 0d 20 | 0d 4e 69 63 6b 65 6c 20 |16 12 . |.Nickel |
|00005880| 69 73 20 61 20 6d 65 74 | 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c |is a met|allic el|
|00005890| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 64 69 | 73 63 6f 76 65 72 65 64 |ement di|scovered|
|000058a0| 20 0d 69 6e 20 31 37 35 | 31 20 62 79 20 41 2e 46 | .in 175|1 by A.F|
|000058b0| 2e 20 43 72 6f 6e 73 74 | 65 64 74 2e 20 20 4e 69 |. Cronst|edt. Ni|
|000058c0| 63 6b 65 6c 20 69 73 20 | 0d 68 61 72 64 2c 20 6d |ckel is |.hard, m|
|000058d0| 61 6c 6c 65 61 62 6c 65 | 2c 20 64 75 63 74 69 6c |alleable|, ductil|
|000058e0| 65 2c 20 73 69 6c 76 65 | 72 20 77 68 69 74 65 20 |e, silve|r white |
|000058f0| 0d 61 6e 64 20 6c 75 73 | 74 72 6f 75 73 20 6d 65 |.and lus|trous me|
|00005900| 74 61 6c 2e 20 20 4e 69 | 63 6b 65 6c 20 69 73 20 |tal. Ni|ckel is |
|00005910| 66 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 6e | 20 0d 74 68 65 20 61 6c |found in| .the al|
|00005920| 6c 6f 79 73 20 67 61 72 | 6e 69 65 72 69 74 65 2c |loys gar|nierite,|
|00005930| 20 70 65 6e 74 6c 61 6e | 64 69 74 65 2c 20 61 6e | pentlan|dite, an|
|00005940| 64 20 0d 70 79 72 72 68 | 6f 74 69 74 65 2e 20 20 |d .pyrrh|otite. |
|00005950| 4e 69 63 6b 65 6c 20 69 | 73 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 66 |Nickel i|s also f|
|00005960| 6f 75 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 | 0d 6d 65 74 65 6f 72 69 |ound in |.meteori|
|00005970| 74 65 73 2e 20 20 4e 69 | 63 6b 65 6c 20 61 64 64 |tes. Ni|ckel add|
|00005980| 73 20 73 74 72 65 6e 67 | 74 68 2c 20 0d 64 75 63 |s streng|th, .duc|
|00005990| 74 69 6c 69 74 79 2c 20 | 61 6e 64 20 72 65 73 69 |tility, |and resi|
|000059a0| 73 74 61 6e 63 65 20 74 | 6f 20 0d 63 6f 72 72 6f |stance t|o .corro|
|000059b0| 73 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 | 20 68 65 61 74 20 77 68 |sion and| heat wh|
|000059c0| 65 6e 20 69 74 20 69 73 | 20 0d 69 6e 63 6f 72 70 |en it is| .incorp|
|000059d0| 6f 72 61 74 65 64 20 69 | 6e 74 6f 20 6d 61 6e 79 |orated i|nto many|
|000059e0| 20 61 6c 6c 6f 79 73 2e | 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 65 73 | alloys.| . .Uses|
|000059f0| 20 46 6f 72 20 4e 69 63 | 6b 65 6c 3a 20 50 72 65 | For Nic|kel: Pre|
|00005a00| 70 61 72 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 41 6c 6c 6f |paration| of Allo|
|00005a10| 79 73 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |ys .....|........|
|00005a20| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a30| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a40| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a50| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a60| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a70| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005a80| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 43 6f |Element |Name: Co|
|00005a90| 70 70 65 72 20 0d 41 74 | 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 6d |pper .At|omic Sym|
|00005aa0| 62 6f 6c 3a 20 43 75 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |bol: Cu |.Atomic |
|00005ab0| 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 | 32 39 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Number: |29 .Atom|
|00005ac0| 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 68 | 74 3a 20 36 33 2e 35 34 |ic Weigh|t: 63.54|
|00005ad0| 36 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 | 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f |6 .Elect|ronic Co|
|00005ae0| 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 |nfigurat|ion: 2 8|
|00005af0| 20 31 38 20 31 20 0d 20 | 0d 43 6f 70 70 65 72 20 | 18 1 . |.Copper |
|00005b00| 20 69 73 20 61 20 6d 65 | 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 | is a me|tallic e|
|00005b10| 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 68 61 73 20 |lement t|hat has |
|00005b20| 0d 62 65 65 6e 20 6b 6e | 6f 77 6e 20 74 6f 20 68 |.been kn|own to h|
|00005b30| 75 6d 61 6e 20 73 69 6e | 63 65 20 74 68 65 20 42 |uman sin|ce the B|
|00005b40| 72 6f 6e 7a 65 20 0d 41 | 67 65 2e 20 20 49 74 20 |ronze .A|ge. It |
|00005b50| 69 73 20 61 20 72 65 64 | 64 69 73 68 2c 20 64 75 |is a red|dish, du|
|00005b60| 63 74 69 6c 65 2c 20 0d | 6d 61 6c 6c 65 61 62 6c |ctile, .|malleabl|
|00005b70| 65 2c 20 6d 65 74 61 6c | 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 |e, metal| that is|
|00005b80| 20 61 20 20 67 6f 6f 64 | 20 0d 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 | a good| .conduc|
|00005b90| 74 6f 72 20 6f 66 20 68 | 65 61 74 20 61 6e 64 20 |tor of h|eat and |
|00005ba0| 65 6c 65 63 74 72 69 63 | 69 74 79 2e 20 0d 43 6f |electric|ity. .Co|
|00005bb0| 70 70 65 72 20 68 61 73 | 20 61 20 6c 6f 77 20 63 |pper has| a low c|
|00005bc0| 68 65 6d 69 63 61 6c 20 | 72 65 61 63 74 69 76 69 |hemical |reactivi|
|00005bd0| 74 79 2e 20 0d 43 6f 70 | 70 65 72 20 69 73 66 6f |ty. .Cop|per isfo|
|00005be0| 75 6e 64 20 70 72 69 6d | 61 72 69 6c 79 20 69 6e |und prim|arily in|
|00005bf0| 20 74 68 65 20 6f 72 65 | 3a 20 0d 43 68 61 6c 63 | the ore|: .Chalc|
|00005c00| 6f 70 79 72 69 74 65 2e | 20 20 43 6f 70 70 65 72 |opyrite.| Copper|
|00005c10| 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 66 | 6f 75 6e 64 20 75 73 65 | first f|ound use|
|00005c20| 20 74 6f 20 0d 6d 61 6e | 6b 69 6e 64 20 69 6e 20 | to .man|kind in |
|00005c30| 74 68 65 20 61 6c 6c 6f | 79 73 3a 20 42 72 61 73 |the allo|ys: Bras|
|00005c40| 73 20 61 6e 64 20 42 72 | 6f 6e 7a 65 2e 20 0d 20 |s and Br|onze. . |
|00005c50| 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f | 72 20 43 6f 70 70 65 72 |.Uses Fo|r Copper|
|00005c60| 3a 20 45 6c 65 63 74 72 | 69 63 61 6c 20 41 70 70 |: Electr|ical App|
|00005c70| 61 72 61 74 75 73 2c 20 | 0d 57 69 72 65 2c 20 52 |aratus, |.Wire, R|
|00005c80| 6f 6f 66 69 6e 67 2c 20 | 55 74 65 6e 73 69 6c 73 |oofing, |Utensils|
|00005c90| 2c 20 43 6f 69 6e 73 2c | 20 0d 4d 65 74 61 6c 77 |, Coins,| .Metalw|
|00005ca0| 6f 72 6b 2c 20 50 6c 75 | 6d 62 69 6e 67 2c 20 61 |ork, Plu|mbing, a|
|00005cb0| 6e 64 20 0d 52 65 66 72 | 69 67 65 72 61 74 6f 72 |nd .Refr|igerator|
|00005cc0| 20 61 6e 64 20 41 69 72 | 20 43 6f 6e 64 69 74 69 | and Air| Conditi|
|00005cd0| 6f 6e 65 72 20 0d 43 6f | 69 6c 73 2e 20 1a 1a 1a |oner .Co|ils. ...|
|00005ce0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005cf0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005d00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 5a 69 |Element |Name: Zi|
|00005d10| 6e 63 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d | 69 63 20 53 79 6d 62 6f |nc .Atom|ic Symbo|
|00005d20| 6c 3a 20 5a 6e 20 0d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 4e 75 |l: Zn .A|tomic Nu|
|00005d30| 6d 62 65 72 3a 20 33 30 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mber: 30| .Atomic|
|00005d40| 20 57 65 69 67 68 74 3a | 20 36 35 2e 33 38 20 0d | Weight:| 65.38 .|
|00005d50| 45 6c 65 63 74 72 6f 6e | 69 63 20 43 6f 6e 66 69 |Electron|ic Confi|
|00005d60| 67 75 72 61 74 69 6f 6e | 3a 20 32 20 38 20 31 38 |guration|: 2 8 18|
|00005d70| 20 32 20 0d 20 0d 5a 69 | 6e 63 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 2 . .Zi|nc is a |
|00005d80| 6c 75 73 74 72 6f 75 73 | 2c 20 62 6c 75 69 73 68 |lustrous|, bluish|
|00005d90| 20 77 68 69 74 65 2c 20 | 0d 6d 65 74 61 6c 6c 69 | white, |.metalli|
|00005da0| 63 20 65 6c 65 6d 65 6e | 74 2e 20 20 49 74 20 69 |c elemen|t. It i|
|00005db0| 73 20 61 20 66 61 69 72 | 6c 79 20 0d 72 65 61 63 |s a fair|ly .reac|
|00005dc0| 74 69 76 65 20 6d 65 74 | 61 6c 2e 20 20 5a 69 6e |tive met|al. Zin|
|00005dd0| 63 20 69 73 20 64 75 63 | 74 69 6c 65 20 61 6e 64 |c is duc|tile and|
|00005de0| 20 0d 6d 61 6c 6c 65 61 | 62 6c 65 20 77 68 65 6e | .mallea|ble when|
|00005df0| 20 68 65 61 74 65 64 2e | 20 20 42 6f 74 68 20 70 | heated.| Both p|
|00005e00| 6c 61 6e 74 73 20 61 6e | 64 20 0d 61 6e 69 6d 61 |lants an|d .anima|
|00005e10| 6c 73 20 64 65 70 65 6e | 64 20 6f 6e 20 7a 69 6e |ls depen|d on zin|
|00005e20| 63 20 66 6f 72 20 67 72 | 6f 77 74 68 2e 20 0d 20 |c for gr|owth. . |
|00005e30| 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 6f | 72 20 5a 69 6e 63 3a 20 |.Uses Fo|r Zinc: |
|00005e40| 47 61 6c 76 61 6e 69 7a | 69 6e 67 20 69 72 6f 6e |Galvaniz|ing iron|
|00005e50| 2c 20 0d 50 72 65 70 61 | 72 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f |, .Prepa|ration o|
|00005e60| 66 20 41 6c 6c 6f 79 73 | 2c 20 4e 65 67 61 74 69 |f Alloys|, Negati|
|00005e70| 76 65 20 0d 70 6c 61 74 | 65 73 20 69 6e 20 65 6c |ve .plat|es in el|
|00005e80| 65 63 74 72 69 63 20 62 | 61 74 74 65 72 69 65 73 |ectric b|atteries|
|00005e90| 2c 20 0d 52 6f 6f 66 69 | 6e 67 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |, .Roofi|ng, and |
|00005ea0| 47 75 74 74 65 72 73 2e | 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |Gutters.| .......|
|00005eb0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005ec0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005ed0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005ee0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005ef0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00005f00| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 47 61 |Element |Name: Ga|
|00005f10| 6c 6c 69 75 6d 20 0d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 |llium .A|tomic Sy|
|00005f20| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 47 61 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mbol: Ga| .Atomic|
|00005f30| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 33 31 20 0d 41 74 6f | Number:| 31 .Ato|
|00005f40| 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 | 68 74 3a 20 36 39 2e 37 |mic Weig|ht: 69.7|
|00005f50| 32 20 0d 45 6c 65 63 74 | 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 43 6f |2 .Elect|ronic Co|
|00005f60| 6e 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 20 38 |nfigurat|ion: 2 8|
|00005f70| 20 31 38 20 33 20 0d 20 | 0d 47 61 6c 6c 69 75 6d | 18 3 . |.Gallium|
|00005f80| 20 69 73 20 61 20 6d 65 | 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 | is a me|tallic e|
|00005f90| 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 77 61 73 20 |lement t|hat was |
|00005fa0| 0d 64 69 73 63 6f 76 65 | 72 65 64 20 62 79 20 50 |.discove|red by P|
|00005fb0| 2e 45 2e 20 4c 65 63 6f | 71 20 64 65 20 42 6f 69 |.E. Leco|q de Boi|
|00005fc0| 73 62 61 75 64 72 61 6e | 20 0d 69 6e 20 31 38 37 |sbaudran| .in 187|
|00005fd0| 35 2e 20 20 47 61 6c 6c | 69 75 6d 20 68 61 73 20 |5. Gall|ium has |
|00005fe0| 74 77 6f 20 66 6f 72 6d | 73 3b 20 6c 69 71 75 69 |two form|s; liqui|
|00005ff0| 64 20 0d 61 6e 64 20 73 | 6f 6c 69 64 2e 20 20 41 |d .and s|olid. A|
|00006000| 73 20 61 20 73 6f 6c 69 | 64 2c 20 67 61 6c 6c 69 |s a soli|d, galli|
|00006010| 75 6d 20 69 73 20 62 6c | 75 65 20 0d 67 72 61 79 |um is bl|ue .gray|
|00006020| 2e 20 20 41 73 20 61 20 | 6c 69 71 75 69 64 2c 20 |. As a |liquid, |
|00006030| 69 74 20 69 73 20 73 69 | 6c 76 65 72 2e 20 0d 47 |it is si|lver. .G|
|00006040| 61 6c 6c 69 75 6d 20 69 | 73 20 63 68 65 6d 69 63 |allium i|s chemic|
|00006050| 61 6c 6c 79 20 73 69 6d | 69 6c 61 72 20 74 6f 20 |ally sim|ilar to |
|00006060| 0d 61 6c 75 6d 69 6e 75 | 6d 2e 20 0d 20 0d 55 73 |.aluminu|m. . .Us|
|00006070| 65 73 20 46 6f 72 20 47 | 61 6c 6c 69 75 6d 3a 20 |es For G|allium: |
|00006080| 54 72 61 6e 73 69 73 74 | 6f 72 73 2c 20 4c 61 73 |Transist|ors, Las|
|00006090| 65 72 73 2c 20 0d 44 69 | 6f 64 65 73 2c 20 53 65 |ers, .Di|odes, Se|
|000060a0| 6d 69 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 | 74 6f 72 73 20 69 6e 20 |miconduc|tors in |
|000060b0| 67 65 6e 65 72 61 6c 2e | 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |general.| .......|
|000060c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000060d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000060e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000060f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00006100| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 47 65 |Element |Name: Ge|
|00006110| 72 6d 61 6e 69 75 6d 20 | 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 |rmanium |.Atomic |
|00006120| 53 79 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 | 47 65 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d |Symbol: |Ge .Atom|
|00006130| 69 63 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 | 72 3a 20 33 32 20 0d 41 |ic Numbe|r: 32 .A|
|00006140| 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 57 65 | 69 67 68 74 3a 20 37 32 |tomic We|ight: 72|
|00006150| 2e 35 39 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |.59 .Ele|ctronic |
|00006160| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|00006170| 20 38 20 31 38 20 33 20 | 0d 20 0d 47 65 72 6d 61 | 8 18 3 |. .Germa|
|00006180| 6e 69 75 6d 20 69 73 20 | 61 20 73 65 6d 69 6d 65 |nium is |a semime|
|00006190| 74 61 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 | 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 |tallic e|lement t|
|000061a0| 68 61 74 20 0d 77 61 73 | 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 69 |hat .was| first i|
|000061b0| 73 6f 6c 61 74 65 64 20 | 62 79 20 43 6c 65 6d 65 |solated |by Cleme|
|000061c0| 6e 73 20 57 69 6e 6b 6c | 65 72 20 69 6e 20 0d 31 |ns Winkl|er in .1|
|000061d0| 38 38 36 2e 20 20 47 65 | 72 6d 61 6e 69 75 6d 20 |886. Ge|rmanium |
|000061e0| 69 73 20 67 72 61 79 20 | 77 68 69 74 65 2c 20 0d |is gray |white, .|
|000061f0| 6c 75 73 74 72 6f 75 73 | 2c 20 0d 61 6e 64 20 62 |lustrous|, .and b|
|00006200| 72 69 74 74 6c 65 2e 20 | 20 49 74 20 62 65 61 72 |rittle. | It bear|
|00006210| 73 20 62 6f 74 68 20 63 | 68 65 6d 69 63 61 6c 20 |s both c|hemical |
|00006220| 61 6e 64 20 0d 70 68 79 | 73 69 63 61 6c 20 73 69 |and .phy|sical si|
|00006230| 6d 69 6c 61 72 69 74 69 | 65 73 20 74 6f 20 73 69 |milariti|es to si|
|00006240| 6c 69 63 6f 6e 2e 20 0d | 20 0d 55 73 65 73 20 46 |licon. .| .Uses F|
|00006250| 6f 72 20 47 65 72 6d 61 | 6e 69 75 6d 3a 20 54 72 |or Germa|nium: Tr|
|00006260| 61 6e 73 69 73 74 6f 72 | 73 2c 20 0d 53 65 6d 69 |ansistor|s, .Semi|
|00006270| 63 6f 6e 64 75 63 74 6f | 72 73 2c 20 4f 70 74 69 |conducto|rs, Opti|
|00006280| 63 61 6c 20 49 6e 73 74 | 72 75 6d 65 6e 74 73 2e |cal Inst|ruments.|
|00006290| 20 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | .......|........|
|000062a0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000062b0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000062c0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000062d0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000062e0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|000062f0| 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a | 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a 1a |........|........|
|00006300| 45 6c 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 | 4e 61 6d 65 3a 20 41 72 |Element |Name: Ar|
|00006310| 73 65 6e 69 63 20 0d 41 | 74 6f 6d 69 63 20 53 79 |senic .A|tomic Sy|
|00006320| 6d 62 6f 6c 3a 20 41 73 | 20 0d 41 74 6f 6d 69 63 |mbol: As| .Atomic|
|00006330| 20 4e 75 6d 62 65 72 3a | 20 33 33 20 0d 41 74 6f | Number:| 33 .Ato|
|00006340| 6d 69 63 20 57 65 69 67 | 68 74 3a 20 37 34 2e 39 |mic Weig|ht: 74.9|
|00006350| 32 31 36 20 0d 45 6c 65 | 63 74 72 6f 6e 69 63 20 |216 .Ele|ctronic |
|00006360| 43 6f 6e 66 69 67 75 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 32 |Configur|ation: 2|
|00006370| 20 38 20 31 38 20 35 20 | 0d 20 0d 41 72 73 65 6e | 8 18 5 |. .Arsen|
|00006380| 69 63 20 69 73 20 61 20 | 73 65 6d 69 6d 65 74 61 |ic is a |semimeta|
|00006390| 6c 6c 69 63 20 65 6c 65 | 6d 65 6e 74 20 74 68 61 |llic ele|ment tha|
|000063a0| 74 20 0d 77 61 73 20 66 | 69 72 73 74 20 64 65 73 |t .was f|irst des|
|000063b0| 63 72 69 62 65 64 20 62 | 79 20 41 6c 62 65 72 74 |cribed b|y Albert|
|000063c0| 75 73 20 4d 61 67 6e 75 | 73 20 0d 69 6e 20 0d 74 |us Magnu|s .in .t|
|000063d0| 68 65 20 31 33 74 68 20 | 63 65 6e 74 75 72 79 2e |he 13th |century.|
|000063e0| 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 | 70 6f 73 73 65 73 73 65 | It is |possesse|
|000063f0| 64 20 6f 66 20 0d 73 65 | 76 65 72 61 6c 20 64 69 |d of .se|veral di|
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